742 INDEX OF DISEASES AND REMEDIES 



ANTHRAX. CHARBON continued. 



Curative treatment in animals is dangerous and inadvisable. 



Preventive treatment consists in protection from access of bacillus and 



spores. 

 Cremate or bury deeply infected discharges and carcases, which should 



neither be skinned nor opened ; fence off graves. 

 The flesh of animals dead from anthrax has produced by ingestion the 



disease in pigs and dogs. 

 Thoroughly disinfect premises. 



Keep susceptible animals off pastures where disease has occurred. 

 Inoculation with attenuated virus ensures temporary protection. 



ANURIA. 



Dysuria; Retention of urine. Results from calculi, or urethral 



obstruction, paresis or spasm of the bladder, and other causes ; more 



common and distressing in horses and dogs than in cattle or sheep. 



The bladder in the horse may be gently pressed by the hand introduced 



into the rectum ; warm hip bath for dogs ; pass catheter. 

 Friction and warm applications to the perineum may overcome paralysis 



or spasm. 



Anti-paralysants or antispasmodics administered. 

 Surgical treatment for calculus ; urinary antiseptics. 



APHTHA. 



Vesicles in the mouth ; Thrush. Associated with epiphytes, oidium 



albicans, etc. Most common in young animals. 

 Alum, hydrogen peroxide, borax, sulphurous or boracic acid, or pot. 



chlorate solution applied locally. 



Oxymel, glycerin and water, or glycerin of starch, or of tannic acid. 

 When connected with gastric derangement, give laxatives, salines, or 



grey powder. 



When patient reduced prescribe tonics. 

 Soft digestible food. 



APHTHOUS FEVER or VESICULAR EPIZOOTIC. 



Foot-and-mouth-disease ; A contagious eruptive fever affecting cattle, 

 sheep, pigs, and occasionally poultry. The infective agent, contained 

 in the discharges from the vesicles and ulcers, is transmissible by 

 direct or by mediate contagion. 



Segregate affected ; disinfection ; green forage or soft digestible food. 

 Keep inflamed, abraded surfaces clean, and moisten occasionally with 

 alum, borax, or zinc sulphate, made up with treacle, honey, or glycerin 

 and water. 

 Lead or zinc acetate solution or ointment, Goulard's extract, or potassium 



permanganate diluted, applied to udder and feet. 

 Milk affected cows frequently, preventing lodgment in udder of stale 



milk. 



The milk unsafe unless boiled for fifteen minutes ; better destroyed. 

 Pot. nitrate arid chlorate, mixed with mash or drinking water, when 



fever high. 



One attack does not protect the subject exposed to subsequent 

 infection. 



APOPLEXY, CEREBRAL. 



Rupture of blood-vessel occasionally fromatheroma, causing pressure, 

 and sometimes softening of brain substance. Not common in 

 domestic animals. 

 Blood-letting, pot. iodide, lower arterial pressure where attack threatened 



or in earlier comatose stage. 

 Active purgative, laxative enemas, cold water and ice to head relieve 



congestion. 

 Nitro-glycerin and bromides also diminish cerebral congestion. 



