INDEX OF DISEASES AND REMEDIES 745 



BLACK-LEG or BLACK QUARTER continued. 



and white rat exhibit only local swelling at the point of inoculation ; 

 the pig, dog, cat, black rat, and man are immune. The disease 

 is endemic ; the bacterium, from the infected pasture or water, 

 probably enters the body by wounds of the legs or feet. Cattle 

 from four to twenty months are most liable to attack. 

 Curative treatment very unsatisfactory. Free scarification of limited 

 external swellings and moistening with antiseptics arrest a few slight 

 cases. 

 Prevention is effected by keeping young cattle and sheep off pastures 



known to be infected ; and by inoculation with special vaccine. 

 Animals dying from the disease should be burned unskinned and un- 

 opened, or deeply buried with lime. 



Disinfection of premises is adopted as for contagious diseases. 

 Setons have been credited with some preventive power. 

 Administration once or twice weekly of pot. chlorate or other saline 



antiseptic advised. 



Black-quarter vaccine used hypodermically as a preventive in France, 

 Germany, and England ; stated to be effectual. See p. 697. 



BLADDER, URINARY, INFLAMMATION OF. See CYSTITIS. 



BLADDER, IRRITABLE. 



Diluents, linseed tea, suitable diet. Interdict heated grain or fodder, 

 or other acrid food. 



Laxative relieves any gastro-intestinal irritation. Urinary disin- 

 fectants. 



Belladonna or henbane as anodyne used internally and locally. 



Benzoate of soda or ammonium benzoate when urine alkaline. 



Alkaline bicarbonate when urine acid ; bromide of potash or camphor. 



Salol and benzoic acids as antiseptics in chronic cases ; urotropine. 



Sulphuric and salicylic acids with iron sulphate, where irritation in 

 horses is connected with influenza or purpura. 



Anodyne enemata benefit reflexly. 



Cleanse with soap and water prepuce and external meatus of male. 



BLADDER, PARALYSIS. 



Prevent accumulation of urine by use of catheter, or in horse by gentle 



pressure on viscus from within rectum. 

 Prescribe cantharides, ergot, or cannabis indica ; nux-vomica or eserine 



when atonic ; and urinary antiseptics. 



BLEEDING. See HAEMORRHAGE. 



BOG SPAVIN. 



Distension of tibio-tarsal capsule ; in some cases acute synovitis. 

 Rest ; high-heeled shoe. 

 In acute cases rest best secured by slinging. 

 Foment when joint hot and tender. 



Cold water and refrigerants when acute inflammation abated. 

 Spring truss sometimes used in simple cases to give equable pressure. 

 Counter-irritation encourages absorption in chronic cases. 

 Removal of fluid by aspirator or special trocar may be tried. 



BOIL or FURUNCULUS. 



A localised infective inflammation, with suppuration and limited 

 necrosis of the cutis, and caused by a staphylococcus. A carbuncle 

 is a boil on a larger scale. 

 Mercuric nitrate or belladonna ointment, or painting with silver nitrate, 



sometimes aborts inflammation in early stages. 

 Fomentations and poultices hasten maturation and relieve pain. 

 Counter-irritants hasten suppuration. 

 Anodynes locally relieve irritation and pain. 



