INDEX OF DISEASES AND REMEDIES 749 



BURSATTEE continued. 



Improved sanitary conditions ; change of food and surroundings. 

 Kunkur growths excised ; wounds and ulcers treated antiseptically. 



CALCULI, BILIARY. 



Purgatives, salines, olive oil. 



Chloroform, chlorodyne, belladonna internally. 



Morphine and atropine hypodermically. 



Nitric acid, nitro-hydrochloric acid. 



Hot fomentations, counter-irritation. 



CALCULI, INTESTINAL. 



Dust balls ; Concretions. 



Rectal exploration : use long tube for injections ; Laparo-enterotomy. 

 Avoid active cathartics, but give enemas and anodynes. Restrict to 



soft, concentrated food. 

 Morphine and atropine hypodermically, chloral or Indian hemp, most 



prompt and effectual means of relieving spasm and pain. 



CALCULI, URINARY. 



Lithiasis ; Gravel. 

 Dilute mineral acids in horse. Try piperazine or lithium carbonate in 



dogs. 

 Alkalies or alkaline bicarbonates diminish tendency to urinary deposits 



common especially in highly-fed rams and wethers. 

 Ammonia benzoate helps resolution of phosphatic deposits of sheep. 

 Diluents, cooling laxative food ; raise feeding sheep thrice daily, and 



drive them a few hundred yards, ensuring their urinating. 

 Sheep affected must be placed on buttocks, and by manipulation the 



sabulous matter in urethra is gradually moved. 

 Where canal hopelessly blocked it must be opened either at the ischial 



arch or by amputation of appendix. 

 Lithotomy or lithotrity only means of removing cystic calculi of any 



considerable size in male animals. 



CANCER. 



Carcinoma : A malignant growth of epithelial-like cells contained in 



an alveolar stroma. Affects all classes of animals. 

 In early. stage, excision of localised accessible growths ; when tumour 



large or diffuse, operation inadvisable. 



Destruction by chromic acid or other caustic seldom successful or safe. 

 Carbolic acid, bromine, or iodoform may retard growth and lessen risk 



of secondary infection. 

 Generous diet retards exhaustion caused by absorption from disintegrated 



tissues. 

 Analgesic, antiseptic, and deodorant dressings. 



CANKER OF HORSE'S FOOT. 



A disease affecting the keratogenous membrane of the foot, and pro- 

 ducing disorganisation of the horn of the sole, frog and laminal 

 sheath, and foetid discharge. 



Mr. Malcolm, Birmingham, has shown canker to be purely local, occur- 

 ring in all breeds and descriptions of horses, possibly depending on an 

 epiphyte, and, while confined to the frog and sole, curable (Jour. 

 Comp. Path, and Therap., 1891). 



In all cases, the degenerate horn, fungoid growths, and every portion 

 of unhealthy tissue must be excised with the knife or cauterised with 

 the hot iron. 



Dress with salicylic acid, chromic acid on carbolised cotton- wool, 

 chinosol, or formalin solution ; or with equal parts of sulphates of 

 copper, iron, and zinc, with crude carbolic acid, and vaseline to form 

 a paste. This is covered with tow and a leather or iron sole, and the 

 Bhoe replaced. 



