INDEX OF DISEASES AND REMEDIES 765 



FOWL CHOLERA continued. 



Preventive vaccination advised by Pasteur ; but some birds die. and two 



or three operations necessary to secure immunity. 

 Ferrous sulphate with a few drops of solution of hydrochloric acid every 



three hours, sometimes beneficial ; or add one drachm of sulphuric 



acid to four pints of the drinking-water. 

 Carbolic acid 5 per cent, solution subcutaneously used by Nocard. 



FRACTURES. 



Broken bones. 



Bones brought into apposition. 



Splints of leather, lath, block-tiu, poroplastin, or guttapercha. 

 Encase in plaster of Paris, or starch bandages. 

 Ends of bones may be kept together by metallic sutures. 

 A blister promotes union by increasing reparative materials, and by 



limiting movement. 

 Slings advisable in many cases. 



Wounds in compound fractures treated antiseptically. 

 Calcium phosphate internally in weakly subjects. 



FRONTAL AND MAXILLARY SINUSES ; INFLAMMATION OF LINING MEMBRANE. 

 Caused by nasal catarrh, carious teeth, injuries, tumours, strangles, 

 and glanders ; often unilateral. More common in horse than in 

 other patients. 



Trephine. Wash out cavities with warm antiseptic : boracic acid, 

 hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, or iodine solution. 



Irrigation should if possible be done while animal standing. 



Frontal and maxillary sinuses of sheep the seat of the Iarva3 of oestrus 

 ovis. 



These larvae also sometimes occupy the chambers at base of horns ; pro- 

 ducing chronic catarrh and cerebral excitement. 



Washing with an antiseptic solution the nostrils of sheep shortly after 

 the ova have been deposited may prevent the mischief. 



Fumigations, nasal injections, and insufflations. 



Subsequent treatment very hopeless, even when the sinus is trephined, 

 as it is difficult to wash out all the larvse. 



FROST -BITE. 



Necrosis of the coronet. 



Raise temperature of frozen parts, and inject antiseptics. 

 Stimulants to affected parts, turpentine and oil, soap liniments. 

 Treat sores antiseptically. 



FUNGUS H^MATODES. 



Vascular sarcomatous growth, usually protruding from orbit. More 



common in cattle and sheep than horse. 

 Extirpation of eyeball. 

 Speedy feeding and slaughter of patient. 



GANGRENE. 



Mortification. Necrosis with putrefaction, caused by micro-organisms. 

 Remove textures already dead by knife or silver nitrate, chromic or 



carbolic acid, iodoform or bromine. 

 Inject antiseptics at margin of dead part, and endeavour to limit 



extension of gangrene. 



Maintain wounds aseptic. Stimulate circulation in surrounding parts. 

 Sustain general strength by generous diet ; tonics and stimulants. 



GAPES IN FOWLS. 



Caused by Syngamus trachealis. See WORMS. 

 GASTRITIS. 



Inflammation of stomach generally from action of irritants ; occurs 

 in badly-fed foals and calves ; occasionally in horses ; and in older 

 cattle as abomasitis. In dogs as hsemorrhagic gastritis. 



