776 INDEX OF DISEASES AND REMEDIES 



MALNUTRITION. 



Liberal oleaginous dietary ; change of food ; cod liver oil. 



Acids and bitters, iron salts, calcium phosphate in young animals. 



Alcohol, arsenic, nux-vomica, glycerophosphates. 



MAMMITIS. 



Garget. Inflammation of the udder : Catarrhal, affecting primarily 

 the mucous membrane ; and Lobular or glandular. Occasionally 

 in all milking animals, but most frequent in good dairy cows. May 

 be tubercular. 



Cathartic, diuretics in drinking water ; or orange sulphide of antimony, 

 which is excreted in the milk. 



Thoroughly milk the affected quarters and hand-rub the udder ; inject 

 each teat with warm solution boracic acid (3 per cent.) ; do not repeat 

 injection ; draw teats three hours after injection, and repeat the 

 milking every three or four hours until recovery. 



In cold weather clothe to promote skin functions. 



The teat syphon sometimes facilitates removal of rnilk, but must be 

 used very carefully. Support udder by bandage. 



Apply heat and moisture by persistent fomentations, or poultices of 

 spent hops, supported by suspensory bandage. 



Belladonna extract and vaseline applied several times daily lessens con- 

 gestion, milk secretion, and tenderness. 



When inflammation abates encourage removal of exudate by in-rubbing 

 iodine ointment, and by iodine and salines internally. 



When abscess forms and matures open it and treat antiseptically. 



When gangrene occurs excise dead tissues and dress with antiseptics. 



After earlier pyrexia removed sustain strength by concentrated food, 

 tonics, and stimulants. 



Until udder again in normal state restrict to dry food, so that produc- 

 tion of milk be minimised. 



MAMMITIS, CONTAGIOUS. 



Common in milch cows ; caused by a streptococcus which is trans- 

 mitted from one cow to another by the milker's hands ; infection 

 takes place through the teat. A specific catarrhal inflammation 

 of the milk ducts and sinuses with induration of the affected 

 gland ; by extension may involve the whole udder. Milk curdles 

 quickly, is acid, and when mixed with normal milk produces 

 clotting ; later milk becomes yellowish, viscous and foetid. 

 Prevent by washing and disinfecting udder and teats, and the hands 



of the milkers, before and after milking. 



Curative treatment unsatisfactory ; empty udder and inject teats with 

 5 per cent, solution boracic acid, 3 per cent, sodium fluoride, 3 per 

 cent, sanitas, or 5 per cent, solution hydrogen peroxide. 

 Isolate infected cows and destroy milk. 

 Thoroughly cleanse and disinfect cowsheds. 



Newly purchased cows should be kept apart for a month before entering 

 cowshed or herding with unaffected stock. 



MANGE. See ACAKI. 



Scabies. Skin irritation and itching produced by various acari. 



(a) The Psoroptes live on the surface of skin, and are distributed 



generally over the body. Horse, ox, sheep. 



(b) The Sarcoptes burrow in the skin, prefer the head and 



portions of body sparsely covered with hair. Horse, ox, 

 sheep, pig, and dog. 



(c) The Chorioptes are more limited in their distribution, affect 



chiefly the limbs of horses and sheep, the base of the tail of 

 cattle, and a variety, ch. cynotis invades the ears of the dog 

 and cat. 

 Isolate infected subjects. 



