790 INDEX Or DISEASES AND REMEDIES 



RINDERPEST continued. 



Treatment unsatisfactory ; protective inoculation by various methods 



practised in South Africa. 



Slaughter of infected animals, and those in contact with them, and 

 effectual disinfection promptly exterminated the disease imported 

 into Great Britain in 1865, as well as the limited outbreaks of 1872 

 and 1877. 



RINGBONE, ARTICULAR and NON- ARTICULAR. 



Exostosis on a pastern bone or the coffin bone ; sometimes in both 



positions. Most serious when involving a joint. 



When occurring in the fore-limb, use a thin-heeled bar shoe ; when in 

 the hind-limb, a high-heeled shoe, thus diminishing pressure and con- 

 cussion. 



Put to slow work on land. When in stable apply wet swabs. 

 Where there is lameness rest, give dose physic, and fire and blister, or 

 unnerve. 



RINGWORM. 



Tinea. Circular elevated spots, becoming itchy, scaly, and hairless, 

 appearing usually on the skin of the head, neck, and body, pro- 

 duced by the action of various species of fungi, which invade 

 especially the hair bulbs. More common in cattle than in horses, 

 dogs, or cats ; rare in sheep and pigs ; may be transmitted from one 

 animal to another. 



Horse. Trichophytic ringworm, caused by Trichophyton mentagro- 

 phytes, T. flavum, T. equinum, T. verrucosum ; and Microsporous 

 ringworm, by Microsporum Audouini. 



Cattle. Ringworm always a Trichophytosis and due to T. menta- 

 grophytes. 



Dog. Four varieties of ringworm occur : (1 ) Trichophytic ( T. cani- 

 num); (2) Microsporous (M. Audouini var, caninum); (3) Eidamellian 

 (Eidamella spinosa) ; and favus (Oospora canina). See FAVUS. 

 Isolate affected animals, and disinfect all brushes, clothing, harness, or 



whatever the fungus may have lodged on ; burn the crusts. 

 Washing with soap and water, or soaking with oil and pot. carbonate, 

 removes scabs and crusts. Paint spots, after removing crusts, with 

 iodine tincture, or apply solution or ointment of carbolic acid, creosote, 

 naphthol, oil of tar, or sulphur iodide. 

 If these ineffectual, substitute mercuric nitrate ointment ; solutions of 



mercuric chloride, ferric chloride, or copper sulphate ; or iodoform. 

 Salines, tonics, arsenic, internally, help to abate irritation and oedema. 

 Grooming or dressing of affected subjects should be suspended, as it 

 may spread the disease. 



ROARING or WHISTLING. 



May depend on thickening of the mucous lining of the nares, pharynx, 



or larynx, or on fibrous growths in these regions ; but in most 



instances roaring or whistling is due to paralysis of the left 



recurrent nerve, with wasting, and fatty degeneration of the dilator 



muscles of the left side of the larynx. The opening through which 



the air passes being narrowed, the characteristic noise is produced, 



especially when inspiration is quickened by excitement or exertion. 



Spurious or temporary roaring, depending upon cold, strangles, or 



influenza, is treated sometimes successfully by stimulation of the 



throat, and by pot. iodide and arsenic internally. 



True roaring or whistling, depending on paralysis and muscular atrophy, 



is incurable. 

 Smart blistering, the actual cautery, or galvanism in the earlier stages, 



sometimes proves beneficial. 



A pad fitted on the nostrils regulating the supply of air lessens the 

 noise in bad cases. 



