INDEX OF DISEASES AND REMEDIES 793 



SORE SHINS. See OSTITIS and PERIOSTITIS. 



SOUTH AFRICAN HORSE-SICKNESS. 



An infective disease, peculiar to the equidae, characterised by tissue 

 dropsy, and proved to be caused by an ultra-visible organism (Sir 

 John M'Fadyean). Believed to be transmitted by an insect ; can 

 be produced by inoculation, or ingestion of blood obtained from an 

 infected horse. Very fatal ; curative treatment unsatisfactory ; 

 prevention by injection of special serum more hopeful. 



SPAVIN, BOG. See BOG SPAVIN. 



SPAVIN, BONE. 



(a) A bony outgrowth on the inner and lower part of the horse's hock, 



arising from osteo-arthritis of the cuneiform, scaphoid, and 



metatarsal bones, terminating generally in anchylosis, peripheral 



and central. 



(6) Articular disease, without appreciable enlargement, terminating 



in anchylosis. 



Rest ; cathartics and fomentation where there is much lameness. 

 In young horses blister, pyro-puncture, seton, periosteotomy, or cunean 

 tenotomy. Anterior and posterior tibial neurectomy sometimes 

 beneficial. 



SPLENIC APOPLEXY. See ANTHRAX. 



SPLINT. 



A bony enlargement on a fore or hind canon of the horse ; occa- 

 sionally of the ox. 

 In slighter cases stop fast work, give half dose physic, foment, and 



subsequently blister. 



In more acute cases subcutaneous periosteotomy, or fire and blister. 

 Pyro-puncture preferable to line-firing as it blemishes very little. 

 Mercuric iodide ointment to reduce enlargement. 



SPEEDY-CUT. 



A bruise or contused wound on the inner aspect of the horse's knee, 



caused by the opposite foot. 



Fomentations : open any abscess ; antiseptic dressing. 

 Prevent by reducing inner crust of offending foot, using nicely-fitting 



three-quarter shoes, and removing shoes every three weeks. 

 A boot sometimes worn on the leg liable to cutting. 

 Avoid over-pacing such horses. 



SPRAINS or MUSCLES, TENDONS, AND LIGAMENTS. 



The fibres are severely stretched, in serious cases ruptured, causing 

 inflammation and subsequent contraction, and, in case of muscles, 

 atrophy. 



Endeavour to rest horse at once. 



Relieve injured parts from strain and weight ; in severe cases sling. 



In strains connected with back tendons tack on high-heeled shoe. 



Apply compress moistened with solution of Epsom salt, or foment until 

 tenderness removed ; support with elastic pressure bandage, or with 

 subcutaneous injections of filtered air ; close puncture with collodion. 



Subsequently cold applications ; regular walking exercise. 



Blister, or fire and blister, and turn out to grass. 



In bad or repeated tendon sprains, contraction occurs which is incurable. 

 Tenotomy in selected cases may be advisable. Median neurectomy 

 may be tried. Subcutaneous injection of fibrolysin may reduce 

 thickening of tendon. 



STERILITY. See BARRENNESS. 



STOMACH STAGGERS IN HORSES. See INDIGESTION. 



