802 INDEX OF DISEASES AND REMEDIES 



WORMS continued. 



In poultry, the tip of a partially-stripped feather, introduced into the 



fauces and twisted round a few times, usually withdraws some of the 



parasites. 

 The feather, moistened with oil of turpentine or petroleum and similarly 



introduced, destroys many worms. Fumigation with tobacco. 



FLUKE-WORMS. TREMATODA. 



Distomumhepaticum, causing liver-rot in sheep, rabbits, and hares, and 



occasionally cattle. 



Furnish affected sheep with concentrated dry food. 

 Common salt and ferrous sulphate dissolved in water, given daily, mixed 



with bran or crushed grain. 

 To prevent affected sheep losing condition and disseminating the disease 



slaughter as soon as possible. 

 Keep sound sheep from pastures on which affected sheep have grazed, 



from low-lying wet land, or from grazings with stagnant pools 



situations which nurture the fluke embryo, and the fresh-water snail 



which constitutes the intermediary host. 

 Other species of distomata occur in the liver and organs of sheep and 



other animals. 



TAPEWORMS. T^NI^E. CESTODA. 



Most animals infested with one or more species, in their mature stage 



inhabiting the intestine. 



Anoplocephala (tcenia) : perfoliata, plicata, mamillana, in horse. 

 Moniezia (tcenia) : expansa, alba, planissi?na, in cattle. 

 Moniezia (tcenia) : expansa, alba, planissima, trigonophora. Benedeni, 



Neumanni ; Stilesia (tcenia) centripunctata, and Stilesia globipunc- 



tata; Thysanosomum actinioides and Th. Giardi, in sheep. 

 Tcenice: serrata, marginata, Krabbei, ccenurus, serialis, and echino- 



coccus ; Dipylidium caninum ( T. cucumerina), Mesocestoides lineattis ; 



and Bothriocephahis latus and B. cordatus, in the dog. 

 Davainea cesticillus (T. infundibuliformis), and seven other teenise, in 



poultry. 

 The measles of pork, beef, and mutton are taeniaB larvse, found chiefly 



in the muscles. Each produces its particulate tapeworm. 

 The ccenurus cerebralis, the hydatid causing sturdy or gid in sheep, is the 



encysted larva of Tcenia ccenurus, and attains its mature form in the 



intestines of the dog, which in turn disseminates the ova which 



undergo further development in the brain of the sheep. 

 Patients should be fasted twenty-four hours before they receive the 



taaniacide. 



Horses and cattle, eating tolerably clean vegetable food, are not so fre- 

 quently infested as the dog or pig, are given oil of turpentine and male 

 fern extract in milk for two or three consecutive days, and after the 

 last dose a cathartic. 



Dogs swallow the larval forms of ten different tsenise. Treated with 



areca nut ten to sixty grains (according to size), aloes, or male fern 



extract ten to fifteen minims, given with oil, syrup of buckthorn, or 



mucilage ; dose repeated in two days. 



For poultry, areca nut five to thirty grains, repeated in two or three 



days, followed by a dose of oil. 



Taeniasis prevented by isolating and curing infested subjects, burning 

 their excreta, and preventing animals eating uncooked viscera of 

 sheep, hogs, rabbits, or other animals in which tsenia larvae are liable 

 to occur. 



WOUNDS. 



A wound is defined as a breach of continuity of any part of the body. 

 Wounds may be open or subcutaneous. The open are classified as 

 Incised, Punctured, Lacerated, Contused, and Poisoned. 



