THE BRITISH EMPIRE. 



Queen Anne refnmed the war with re-" 



doubled vigour, wherein the allies, 



under the command of prince Eugene 



and the duke of Marlboroughj gained 



many brilliant victories, but could not 



prevent Lewis from fixing his grand- 



fon upon the throne of Spain, which 



laid the foundation of the family al- 

 liance or compact, that frill fubfifts, 



though faintly, between thofe king- 

 doms. On the other hand, the events 



of war put England in pofTeffion of ^55,000,000 



Gibraltar and Minorca in the Medi- ' 



terranean ; and the French ceded 



Newfoundland and Hudfon's Bay in 



North America j alfo the fole poffef- 



fion of the ifland of St. Chriftopher 



in the Weft Indies. The treaty of 



peace was concluded at Utrecht in 



1713. And the national debt, foon af- 

 ter the death of the queen in 1714, 



had increafed, by the war, to the 



alarming fum of 

 Debt, at the 'commencement of the war i 



in 1740, after a peace of twenty- r 46,000,000 



feven years 

 At that time, England again embarked' 



in a war with Spain, on account ofAme- 



rica ; and, foon after, with France, in 



fupport of the queen of Hungary. 



Many battles were fought by fea and 



] and, with various fuccefs; and in 1748 ^32,000,000 



a peace was concluded at Aix-la-Cha- 



peiie, the bans of which was the refti- 



tution of all places taken during the 



war, by either of the parties, butwhich 



increafed the debt of England 



A 3 Debt, 



