ENGLISH WHITE FISHERIES. 307 



le, there remains a quantity of fair, blood, fcales, 

 c. at the bottom, which, with frefh fait, ferves 

 for another pile. They then proceed to wafh them 

 in fca water to clear off the dirt and blood ; and 

 when dry, they put them up in barrels, and prefs 

 them hard down, to fqueeze out the oil, which 

 ilfues away at a hole irt the bottom of the cafk ; and 

 in this ftate they are fit for fale, or ufe. 



SALMON. Though there are fome tribes offifh 

 that live only in the fea, and others only in frefh 

 water, yet there are fome whofe organs are equally- 

 adapted to either element ; and that fpend a part of 

 their feafon in one, and a part in the other. Thus 

 the falmon, the flounder* the-fmelt, and the (had, an- 

 nually quit the fea at certain feafons to depofit their 

 fpawn in fecurity, in gravelly beds of rivers, remote 

 from their mouths. There are fcarce any difficulties 

 or dangers which the falmon will not encounter 

 to find a proper place for the depofition of their 

 future offspring. They will afcend rivers 500 miles 

 from the fea, force themfelves againll the moft ra- 

 pid dreams, and fpring with amazing agility over 

 cataradts, of feveral feet in height. They are fre- 

 quently taken in the Rhine, as high as Bafil in Swit- 

 zerland ; they gain the fources of the Lapland rivers, 

 in fpite of their ilrong torrents 5 and furmout the per- 

 pendicular fall acrofs the Liffy, at Leixlip, 7 miles 

 above Dublin, though near 30 feet in height. As 

 foon as they come to the bottom of the cafcade, 

 they feem difappointed to meet the obftruftion, and 

 retire fome paces back : they then take a view of 

 the danger that lies before them, furvey it motion- 

 lefs for fome minutes, advance, and again retreat j 

 till at laft fummoning up all their force, they take a 

 leap from the bottom, their body quite ftraight, and 

 with a ftrong tremulous motion j and thus moft fre- 

 quently clear every obftruftion. It fometimts hap- 

 pens, however, that they want ftrcngth to make the 

 leap, in which cafe, they arc entangled in their de- 

 u i 



