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in proportion, so as to maintain an equilibrium between 

 them. They should be set the same depth or a little deeper 

 than they originally grew. Each root that is broken 

 should be cut smoothly with a sharp knife, sloping from 

 the tree outwards, with the cut surface downward. 

 The hole should be large, and when the tree is set in 

 it, filled with fine earth to near the surface, taking care 

 that the rootlets are well spread out and put in their natu- 

 ral position, then fill up with water and while it is settling, 

 work the tree up and down so that every crevice will be 

 filled with earth, in a semi-liquid state; in this way, every 

 root will come in immediate contact with the soil. This 

 is one of the most important things to be observed in set- 

 ting a tree. Then fill the hole to a level with the surround- 

 ing earth and mulch with old straw, rotted leaves, or 

 (what is equally good) four or five inches of sand, this will 

 retain the moisture till the roots grow and acquire strength 

 to support themselves. One or two quarts of oats, or one- 

 half peck of potatoes put in the bottom of the hole before 

 the tree is set, will assist in retaining moisture about the 

 roots. 



It is a good plan, especially the first summer, to protect 

 the bodies of young trees from the sun, as many of them 

 are killed by it. The bodies of trees need no sunlight. 

 They are better without it. In their native state they are 

 usually protected frora the sun by other trees when young, 

 and as they grow older, their own tops shade them. 



For the first few years it is better to spade around them 

 every spring, and mulch them. In the fall when the 

 leaves drop, leave them under and around the trees, they 

 give protection to the roots and nutriment to the soil. 

 Leaves should never be removed from our lawns or grass 

 plats, as they ^protect the grass in winter and enrich the 

 ground more than anything else that can be applied. 



When trees are set in rows, each row should be of the 

 same kind. Planting different species in the same row, 



