CONTENTS. 



CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION. 



Introduction 1 



The Conditions Essential to Life 6 



The Living Matter and the Actively Living Structure 7 



CHAPTER II. RESPIRATION. 



Respiration 12 



Intramolecular Respiration 27 



Fermentations 30 



CHAPTER III. NUTRITION. 



Nutrition 40 



The Food-materials 42 



Carbon 43 



Chlorophyll 51 



Photosynthesis 58 



Nitrogen 66 



Root-tubercle Plants 72 



Humus Plants 78 



Carnivorous Plants 81 



Parasites 85 



Ash-constituents 92 



CHAPTER IV. ABSORPTION AND MOVEMENT OP WATER. FOOD DIS- 

 TRIBUTION. 



Absorption ' . . . 103 



Diffusion and Osmosis 108 



Means of Absorption of Nutrient Solutions 113 



Means of Transfer of Nutrient Solutions 116 



Secretion 125 



Sap-pressure and Bleeding 130 



Transpiration 136 



Stomata and the Aerating System 142 



Gases and Movements of Gases 151 



Translocation of Foods 155 



CHAPTER V. GROWTH. 



Growth 162 



Periodicity of Growth 169 



Relations of Growth and Turgor 172 



Growth Pressures 174 



Rate of Growth 176 



Limit of Growth 179 



V 



