268 THE BACILLUS OF MALIGNANT EDEMA 



the soil. The bacillus is from 3 to 5 micra long and about 1 micron 

 in diameter; it generally occurs in pairs and irregular groups, rarely 

 if ever in chains. It has rounded ends, is not motile, possesses no 

 flagella, stains by the ordinary methods, and keeps Gram's stain. 

 It forms spores but not in the infected human body, only in artificial 

 culture media, best on Loeffler's blood-serum mixture. The vegetative 

 forms of the organism are not very resistant; the spores are, however, 

 quite resistant. In experimental work the bacillus has been shown 

 to be pathogenic to rabbits, guinea-pigs, and pigeons. 



QUESTIONS. 



1. What is the bacillus of malignant edema? 'Where is it found? 



2. What relation has the vibrion septique to the Bacillus redema maligni? 



3. What beings are susceptible to infection with this bacillus? 



4. Describe its most characteristic pathologic lesions. 



5. What is the character of the blood after death due to infection with this 

 bacterium? 



6. Describe the morphology of the bacillus. In what morphologic features 

 does it differ from the anthrax and from the symptomatic anthrax bacilli? 



7. Describe the spores of the malignant edema bacillus. 



8. Describe its cultural properties. 



9. Discuss its resistance. 



10. How does natural infection take place? 



11. What animals are susceptible? 



12. What work has been done as to protective inoculation against malignant 

 edema? 



13. What is bradsot, or gastromycosis ovis? Where does it occur? 



14. Describe the pathologic changes of the disease. 



15. Describe the bradsot bacillus. 



16. What is meant by pseudo-Rauschbrand bacilli? 



17. What is parturient emphysema due to? 



18. What is the Bacillus cedematis thermophilus? 



19. Describe the Nielsen gas bacillus of whales. 



20. What is reindeer plague? What bacillus causes it? Describe its mor- 

 phology, cultural properties, and pathogenesis. 



21. Name some edema-producing aerobic gas bacilli. 



22. What is the Bacillus aerogenes capsulatus? What human and what 

 animal diseases does it cause? 



23. Where is it found? 



