276 BACILLUS OF TETANUS 



QUESTIONS. 



1. What are the characteristic pathologic lesions of tetanus? What are the 

 most characteristic clinical manifestations of the disease? 



2. What animals are most susceptible to natural tetanus infection? 



3. What is a cryptogenetic infection? 



4. Who discovered the tetanus bacillus? who first grew it in pure culture? 



5. Describe the morphology of the tetanus bacillus. 



6. What conditions favor spore formation? 



7. What methods may be used in raising tetanus cultures under anaerobic 

 conditions? 



8. Describe the cultural properties of the Bacillus tetani. 



9. Discuss the resistance of the spores of the microorganism. 



10. Where is the bacillus found as a saprophyte? 



11. Under what conditions does tetanus frequently make its appearance in 

 horses and human beings? 



12. Describe the early symptoms of tetanus in a horse. 



13. Describe the formation and properties of the tetanus toxin. 



14. Describe the process of separating the bacilli and their spores from the toxin 

 in order to obtain a germ-free solution of the latter. 



15. Discuss the susceptibility of various animals toward the tetanus toxin; 

 what animal is most susceptible to its poisonous effects? 



16. What dose of tetanus toxin would be sufficient to kill (a) a mouse; (6) 

 a horse, instantaneously? 



17. What is meant by the period of incubation with reference to a toxin? 



18. What is meant by a single fatal dose of tetanus toxin for a mcuse or horse? 

 What by a ten times fatal dose? 



19. Give the exact chemical formula of tetanus toxin and antitoxin. 



20. Discuss the resistance of the toxin. 



21. Upon what structures of the body of susceptible beings does the toxin 

 act quite particularly? What is tetanospasmin and tetanolysin? 



22. Describe the steps in the preparation of tetanus antitoxin upon a large 

 commercial scale. 



23. What is the immunizing dose of a strong trustworthy tetanus antitoxin? 



24. What is an immunizing unit of diphtheria antitoxin? What of a tetanus 

 toxin? 



25. What are the German and French standards? 



