360 THE BACILLUS OF TUBERCULOSIS 



with separate entrance. After the removal of the evidently tuberculous 

 animals and those which have reacted to the test the place where 

 the healthy animals are segregated should be thoroughly disinfected 

 so that any remaining tubercle bacilli may be destroyed. The more 

 thorough the segregation, even to the extent of having their own 

 separate attendants, the better. Animals which have reacted to the 

 tuberculin tests but are otherwise in good condition may be used for 

 breeding purposes. The calves, however, should be separated from 

 their tubercular mothers within twenty-four hours after birth. They 

 must then be brought up either on the raw milk of healthy cows or, if 

 on their mother's milk, it must be pasteurized at a temperature which 

 will safely destroy the tubercle bacilli. If any of the calves show 

 diarrhea they must be separated immediately from the other young 

 animals. As soon as possible the calves themselves are subjected to 

 the tuberculin test and the few which react positively must be separated 

 from the healthy ones. From time to time the healthy cows must be 

 re-tested with tuberculin so as to forestall a clandestine appearance and 

 spread of tuberculosis among the non-infected stock. If this method 

 is carried out persistently, intelligently, and carefully it will, in a few 

 generations, very much reduce tuberculosis in a herd and will event- 

 ually lead to its ultimate eradication. The results in Denmark, under 

 Bang's personal supervision, have been very excellent. Hutyra and 

 Marek report brilliant results from the Hungarian State Cattle Breeding 

 Farm. In the spring of 1898 the first tuberculin test of 329 cows 

 showed 44.8 per cent, infected; a later test of 647 head showed 26.6 

 per cent, infected animals. In the fall of 1901, 1042 head showed 

 3.1 per cent, infected, and the test in 1903, of 1132 animals, showed 

 only 1.8 per cent, infected. In other words, during five years the 

 number of animals, without outside additions, had increased very 

 much, and tuberculosis had decreased 88 per cent. These are, indeed, 

 encouraging figures. 



Prevention of Tuberculosis among Swine. Among the more important 

 precautions to prevent the spread of tuberculosis among swine are 

 the following: The animals should not be allowed to feed after 

 tubercular cattle nor to devour the carcasses of cows dead from 

 tuberculosis, and skimmed milk from non-tested cows should not be 

 fed to hogs until it has been properly pasteurized or sterilized. 



A community or State which does not try to prevent the spread of 

 tuberculosis and make proper attempts to stamp it out ultimately 

 among its food and milk-producing domestic animals by proper 

 equitable regulations, ordinances, and statutory laws is sorely lacking 

 in doing its duty toward its citizens, the more so because there are 

 States where such laws are in existence. This must necessarily 

 operate in such a manner that the non-protected territory will become 

 the dumping ground for tubercular animals condemned elsewhere. 



