QUESTIONS 365 



QUESTIONS. 



1. Describe the morphology of the tubercle bacillus? 



2. Why have some authors classified the tubercle bacillus under streptothricse ? 



3. Describe spore formation of the tubercle bacillus and its flagella. 



4. Why is the tubercle bacillus difficult to stain? 



5. What is an acid -fast bacterium? 



6. What reagents are needed for staining the tubercle bacillus? 



7. Describe the steps in staining the bacillus in sputum, pus, caseous material, 

 etc. 



8. Describe Biedert's liquefaction and sedimentation method for finding 

 a few tubercle bacilli. 



9. Describe the method of staining tubercle bacilli (a) in paraffin sections; 

 (6) in celloidin sections. 



10. Describe the method of obtaining a first generation of a pure culture of 

 tubercle bacilli from tubercular pathologic material. 



11. What are the media used for obtaining the bacillus in pure cultures? 



12. Upon what do the toxic effects of the tubercle bacillus depend? 



13. Discuss the resistance of the tubercle bacillus. 



- 14. What disinfectants are efficient in the destruction of the tubercle bacillus? 

 Which are inefficient? 



15. Describe the preparation of Koch's old tuberculin used in making the 

 tuberculin test in cattle. 



16. What are the doses to be used on animals of various ages and sizes? 



17. What is the standard of a good reliable tuberculin? 



18. Describe the steps in making the tuberculin test in cattle. 



19. Discuss the interpretation of the result of the test. 



20. How soon will an animal react positively again after once reacting 

 positively? 



21. WTiat is the accuracy of the tuberculin test in "cattle? 



22. What is the ophthalmo-tuberculin reaction? What is its value in cattle? 



23. What is the von Pirquet test? 



24. Discuss the preparation, use, and value of von Behring's bovovaccine. 



25. What is the opinion of various investigators concerning this method of 

 protective inoculation ? 



26. What has been the most successful single measure in limiting the spread 

 of tuberculosis (pulmonary) in man ? 



27. Describe in detail the method of Bang for limiting the spread of tuber- 

 culosis among cattle and finally stamping it out entirely. 



28. What measures should be taken to prevent the spread of tuberculosis 

 among swine? 



29. What are the differences in morphology between the so-called human 

 type and the so-called bovine type of tubercle bacilli? 



30. What are their cultural differences? 



31. What is their difference as to acid production in glycerin bouillon? 



32. What is the virulency of the human tubercle bacilli toward cattle? 



33. What is the comparative virulency of the human and the bovine type 

 toward rabbits? 



34. What toward pigs, guinea-pigs, and equines? 



35. What was the result of Koch and Schiitz's inoculation experiments with 

 human sputum bacilli on cattle? 



36. Is bovine tuberculosis ever transmitted to man? If so, in what kind of 

 cases of human tuberculosis has such transmission been found? 



37. What percentage of human pulmonary tuberculosis can be traced to cattle? 



38. What was the result of Kossel, Weber, and Heuss' researches and experi- 

 ments with a variety of human tubercular material as to its human or bovine 

 origin ? 



39. Have other cases of similar type been reported, and by whom? 



40. Mention some of the differences between avian and mammalian tubercle 

 bacilli, both morphologic and cultural. 



41. Are avian and mammalian tuberculosis intertransmissible, and, if so, what 

 do we know about it? 



42. Describe Nocard's method of changing human tubercle bacilli into the 

 avian type. 



