24 TREES AND SHRUBS 



CARAGANA. Cut away all the straggling or mis- 

 placed branches. 



CARMICHAELIA. Requires no pruning. 



CASSANDRA. See CALLUNA. 



CASSINIA. These are grown more for their foliage 

 than for their flowers, and should be cut down in the 

 winter or early spring. This can be done annually 

 or biennially according to whether the plants are 

 growing strongly or not. 



CASSIOPE. See CALLUNA. 



CATALPA. This genus contains some of our 

 handsomest flowering trees, all of which require 

 careful pruning after the flowers are past, thinning 

 out the weakly wood, and shortening any long 

 branches. 



CEANOTHUS. Of these, C. americanus, C. azureus, 

 C. integerrimus, and the garden hybrids, such as 

 " Gloire de Versailles," Marie Simon," " Ceres," 

 &c., flower on the young wood, and should be cut 

 back in spring, allowing only sufficient shoots to 

 remain to form a well-balanced plant, and shortening 

 them back to within two or three eyes of the old 

 wood. The remaining species flower on the old 

 wood, and merely require a shortening back of the 

 stronger shoots and a thinning out of the weakly 

 ones after the flowers are past. *f' 



CELASTRUS. A climbing genCs of strong and 

 vigorous habit with showy fruits, f^tyfey only require 

 sufficient pruning in winter to keep them within 

 bounds. 



CERCIS. Requires no pruning, except such as 



