44 TREES AND SHRUBS 



as Sambucus (Elder), Viburnum, Lonicera (Honey- 

 suckle), Symphoricarpus (Snowberry tree), Abetia, 

 Leycesteria, and Diervilla (Weigela). All are easily pro- 

 pagated by cuttings or by layering. The cuttings can 

 be taken at almost any time of the year, and root 

 quickly, the young plants attaining a good size by 

 the end of the second year. 



ERICACEAE. This order includes all the so-called 

 American plants, such as Pernettya, Gaultheria, Leu- 

 cothoe, Andromeda, Pieris, Zenobia, Erica (Heath), 

 Calluna (Common Heather, Ling), Kalmia, Ledum, 

 Clethra, and Rhododendron (including Azalea]. These 

 can all be increased by seeds, layering, and, in 

 addition, the first two by division of the old plants. 

 Erica and Calluna can also be increased by cuttings. 

 Seedlings, of course, make the best plants, but layer- 

 ing is a quicker method, and, in the case of some 

 of the smaller Ericaceae, one of the easiest. All the 

 Rhododendrons will not root from cuttings, though 

 some of the small-flowered ones strike easily, but 

 practically all may be increased from layers. A few 

 of the showy garden forms cannot be raised from 

 layers, and have to be grafted on stocks of the 

 common R. ponticum or R. catawbiense. 



OLEACE^E. This includes both deciduous flowering 

 shrubs and ornamental evergreens, such as Syringa 

 (Lilac), Chionanthus (Fringe tree), Jasminum (Jasmine), 

 Forsythia, Ligustrum (Privet), Phillyrcea (P. decora (yil- 

 moriniana) is so easily raised from seeds or cuttings 

 that it is foolish to graft it on the common privet), and 

 Osmanthus being represented. The first two are best 



