46 



THE WORLD'S ADVANCE 



horsepower gasoline motor which he now 

 uses to drive his machinery. Aside from 

 the engine, he has constructed two phono- 

 graphs, numerous telephones and several 

 other instruments. His work has also 

 resulted in the invention of a governor 

 on which he has secured a patent. 



THE STUDY OF GEOGRAPHY 

 MADE INTERESTING 



In order to make the study of geog- 

 raphy a more interesting subject to the 

 youngsters, a 

 teacher of 

 Southern Cali- 

 fornia has de- 

 signed and built 

 a clever elec- 

 trical map which 

 he has found 

 very successful 

 in use. 



The particular 

 subject in which 

 this teacher is 

 interested is 

 Palestine, as will 

 be seen from the 

 il lu s t ration. 

 However, the 

 idea can be ex- 

 tended to a map 

 of any other part 

 of the globe. The 

 location of the 

 various cities, 

 rivers and moun- 

 tains is desig- 

 nated on the 

 map by brass- 

 headed tacks 

 which are con- 

 nected by wires 

 to a switchboard 

 bearing the geo- 

 graphical names. 

 An indicator of suitable form and having 

 an electric bulb attached to its extremity 

 is also connected in the circuit. The bulb 

 is enclosed in a wire cage which serves 

 the double purpose of protecting the bulb 

 and as a means of making contact to 

 complete the circuit. 



By the Novel Application of Electricity, the Teaching of 

 Geography is Made Attractive to the Pupils. 



When the map is to be used, one boy 

 acts as switch tender. The teacher asks 

 another boy to locate one of the cities 

 or spots figuring on the map. Mean- 

 while, the boy to whom the duty of switch 

 tender has been assigned introduces a 

 plug into the switchboard at a point 

 which is labelled with the name called 

 out by the teacher. The answer is given 

 by the boy not in words, but by placing 

 the extremity of the indicator at the 

 right point in order that the cage con- 

 taining the electric bulb will come in con- 

 tact with the tack identifying the city 

 or other point to be found. If the pupil 

 is correct the 

 contact will be 

 established and 

 the bulb will il- 

 luminate the 

 spot. Should he 

 fail to select the 

 right location 

 the bulb will not 

 light. 



There is noth- 

 ing complicated 

 in the construc- 

 tion of the elec- 

 trical map, and 

 one may readily 

 be made by any 

 person possess- 

 ing a working 

 knowledge 

 of electricity. If 

 desired, the elec- 

 tric light may be 

 replaced- by a 

 buzzer or bell, 

 or, if the most 

 striking result is 

 sought, both the 

 light and a buzz- 

 er or bell may 

 be employed 

 together. The 

 suggestion this 

 map offers may 

 be applied to other subjects in which 

 charts are employed, with equal success. 



It is announced that electric-pneu- 

 matic brakes are to be used on the pas- 

 senger trains of the Pennsylvania Rail- 

 road. 



