CONTENTS. XI 



PACK 



4. How the divisions of the series should be determined . 288 

 ,5. Zoology affords the completest type of scientific classifi- 

 cation . 289 



BOOK V. 



ON FALLACIES. 



CHAPTER I. Of Fallacies in General. 



1. Theory of fallacies a necessary part of logic . . 295 



2. Casual mistakes are not fallacies .... 297 



3. The moral sources of erroneous opinion, how related to 



the intellectual . . . . . .297 



CHAPTER II. Classification of Fallacies. 



1. On what criteria a classification of fallacies should be 



grounded ....... 301 



2. The five classes of fallacies ..... 302 



3. The reference of a fallacy to one or another class is some- 



times arbitrary ...... 305 



CHAPTER III. Fallacies of Sim/pie Inspection, or a priori 

 Fallacies. 



1. Character of this class of Fallacies * . .309 



2. Natural prejudice of mistaking subjective laws for objec- 



tive, exemplified in popular superstitions . . 310 



3. Natural prejudices, that things which we think of together 



must exist together, and that what is inconceivable 

 must be false ...... 314 



4. Natural prejudice, of ascribing objective existence to ab- 



stractions . . , . , . 321 



5. Fallacy of the Sufficient Reason . . . .322 



6. Natural prejudice, that the differences in nature corre- 



spond to the distinctions in language . . . 325 



7. Prejudice, that a phenomenon cannot have more than one 



cause ....... 329 



8. Prejudice, that the conditions of a phenomenon must 



resemble the phenomenon .... 332 



