256 OPERATIONS SUBSIDIARY TO INDUCTION. 



On the principle that there should he a name for every- 

 thing which we have frequent occasion to make assertions 

 about, there ought evidently to be a name for every Kind ; for 

 as it is the very meaning of a Kind that the individuals com- 

 posing it have an indefinite multitude of properties in common, 

 it follows that, if not with our present knowledge, yet with 

 that which we may hereafter acquire, the Kind is a subject to 

 which there will have to be applied many predicates. The 

 third component element of a philosophical language, there- 

 fore, is that there shall be a name for every Kind. In 

 other words, there must not only be a terminology, but also a 

 nomenclature. 



The words Nomenclature and Terminology are employed 

 by most authors almost indiscriminately ; Dr. Whewell being, 

 as far as I am aware, the first writer who has regularly assigned 

 to the two words different meanings. The distinction how- 

 ever which he has drawn between them being real and 

 important, his example is likely to be followed ; and (as is apt 

 to be the case when such innovations in language are felici- 

 tously made) a vague sense of the distinction is found to have 

 influenced the employment of the terms in common practice, 

 before the expediency had been pointed out of discriminating 

 them philosophically. Every one would say that the reform 

 effected by Lavoisier and Guyton-Morveau in the language of 

 chemistry consisted in the introduction of a new nomencla- 

 ture, not of a new terminology. Linear, lanceolate, oval, or 

 oblong, serrated, dentate, or crenate leaves, are expressions 

 forming part of the terminology of botany, while the names 

 "Viola odorata," and "Ulex Europa3us," belong to its nomen- 

 clature. 



A nomenclature may be defined, the collection of the names 

 of all the Kinds with which any branch of knowledge is con- 

 versant ; or more properly, of all the lowest Kinds, or infimce 

 species those which may be subdivided indeed, but not into 

 Kinds, and which generally accord with what in natural 

 history are termed simply species. Science possesses two 

 splendid examples of a systematic nomenclature ; that of 

 plants and animals, constructed by Linnaeus and his successors, 



