176 



THE CAT. 



[CHAP. vi. 



entering the stomach, has its mucous membrane elevated into 

 transverse folds, which may be called "quasi valvula3 conniventes." 

 Outside the mucous membrane is a layer of areolar tissue, and 



outside that is a thick muscular 

 coat of two layers the fibres of 

 each being spirally directed, but 

 those of the inner layer being 

 the more horizontal, and those 

 of the outer layer the more 

 longitudinal. Those of the outer 

 layer are very thin, and wanting 

 every here and there. There is 

 much striated fibre at the upper 

 part of the tube. 



13. The ABDOMINAL CAVITY 



is bounded above by the ver- 

 tebral column and muscles, la- 

 terally by the abdominal muscles, 

 in front by the diaphragm, and 

 behind by the muscular and mem- 

 branous partition, which closes 

 posteriorly the cavity of the 

 pelvis. 



On the middle of the outer 

 wall of the abdomen there is in 

 front a slight irregularity of sur- 

 face, which is the "navel' 7 or 

 umbilicus. 



"When the abdomen is opened 

 by a median antero - posterior 

 section through its ventral wall, 

 and by the reflection of the 

 walls bordering the cut, the fol- 

 lowing organs come into view. 



Immediately behind the dia- 

 phragm on the right side is seen 

 the liver (7), with the gall-bladder- 

 protruding from amongst it (gb). 

 In the middle line, partly beneath 

 the liver, is the stomach (.s), to 

 the extreme right of which is 

 the spleen (sp). From the 

 stomach a flap of membrane, 

 loaded with more or less fat, 

 and called the great omentum (o), 



extends towards the pelvis, like an apron, and conceals the more 

 deeply situated viscera. When this is turned up or removed, a 

 capacious transverse sacculated viscus may be seen to proceed trans- 

 versely behind (below) the stomach ; this is the great intestine, behind 



Fig. 89. VIEW OF THE CAT'S VISCERA, IN 



SITU, THE BODY BEING OPENED ON ITS VENTRAL 



.ASPECT. 



&. Urinary bladder. 

 </b. Gall bladder. 

 /. Lung. 

 U. Liver. 

 r. Rectum. 



o. Omentum. 



sj|). Spleen. 

 t. Trachea, 

 s. Stomach. 



