CONTENTS. 



South America ; to China and Australia ; to North America and China ; 

 to New Zealand and South America ; to South America and Tas- 

 mania : to South America and Australia. Pleurodont lizards. Insec- 

 tivorous mammals. Similarity of European and South American frogs. 

 Analogy between European salmon and fishes of New Zealand, &c. 

 An ancient Antarctic continent probable. Other modes of accounting 

 for facts of distribution. Independent origin of closely similar forms. 

 Conclusion Page 163 



CHAPTER VIII. 

 HOMOLOGIES . 



Animals made up of parts mutually related in various ways. What homo- 

 logy is Its various kinds. Serial homology. Lateral homology. 

 Vertical homology. Mr. Herbert Spencer's explanations. An internal 

 power necessary, as shown by facts of comparative anatomy. Of ter- 

 atology. M. St. Hilaire. Professor Burt Wilder. Foot- wings. Facts 

 of pathology. Mr. James Paget. Dr. William Budd. The existence 

 of such an internal power of individual development diminishes the 

 improbability of an analogous law of specific origination . Page 175 



CHAPTER IX. 

 EVOLUTION AND ETHICS. 



The origin of morals an inquiry not foreign to the subject of this book. 

 Modern utilitarian view as to that origin. Mr. Darwin's speculation 

 as to the origin of the abhorrence of incest. Cause assigned by him 

 insufficient. Care of the aged and infirm opposed by "Natural Selec- 

 tion;" also self-abnegation and asceticism. Distinctness of the ideas 

 "right" and "useful." Mr. John Stuart Mill. Insufficiency of 

 "Natural Selection" to account for the origin of the distinction 

 between duty and profit. Distinction of moral acts into "material" 



