ADVANCEMENT OF LEARNING 69 



on memory, imagination, and reason, have neglected the cogitative fac- 

 ulty, which, however, plays the chief role in the work of conception. 

 For he that remembers, cogitates, as likewise he who fancies or rea- 

 sons; so that the soul of man in all her moods dances to the musical 

 airs of the cogitations, which is that rebounding of the Nymphs. And 

 with these continually join the Satyrs and Sileni, that is, youth and 

 age; for all things have a kind of young, cheerful, and dancing time; 

 and again their time of slowness, tottering, and creeping. And who- 

 ever, in a true light, considers the motions and endeavors of both these 

 ages, like another Democritus, will perhaps find them as odd and strange 

 as the gesticulations and antic motions of the Satyrs and Sileni. 



The power he had of striking terrors contains a very sensible doc- 

 trine, for nature has implanted fear in all living creatures, as well to 

 keep them from risking their lives as to guard against injuries and 

 violence ; and yet this nature or passion keeps not its bounds, but with 

 just and profitable fears always mixes such as are vain and senseless; 

 so that all things, if we could see their insides, would appear full of 

 panic terrors. Nor is this superstition confined to the vulgar, but some- 

 times breaks out in wise men. As Epicurus, " Non Decs vulgi negare 

 profanum; sed vulgi opiniones Diis applicare profanum."* 



The presumption of Pan in challenging Cupid to the conflict, denotes 

 that matter has an appetite and tendency to a dissolution of the world, 

 and falling back to its first chaos again, unless this depravity and in- 

 clination were restrained and subdued by a more powerful concord 

 and agreement of things, properly expressed by love or Cupid; it is 

 therefore well for mankind, and the state of all things, that Pan was 

 thrown and conquered in the struggle. 



His catching and detaining Typhon in the net receives a similar 

 explanation; for whatever vast and unusual swells, which the word 

 Typhon signifies, may sometimes be raised in nature, as in the sea, 

 the clouds, the earth, or the like; yet nature catches, entangles, and 

 holds all such outrages and insurrections in her inextricable net, wove 

 as it were of adamant. 



That part of the fable which attributes the discovery of lost Ceres 

 to Pan, whilst he was hunting, a happiness denied the other gods, 

 though they diligently and expressly sought her, contains an exceed- 

 ing just and prudent admonition; viz., that we are not to expect the 

 discovery of things useful in common life, as that of corn, denoted 

 by Ceres, from abstract philosophies, as if these were the gods of the 

 first order no, not though we used our utmost endeavors this way 

 but only from Pan, that is, a sagacious experience and general 

 knowledge of nature, which is often found, even by accident, to 

 stumble upon such discoveries, whilst the pursuit was directed another 

 way. 



The event of his contending with Apollo in music, affords us a 

 useful instruction, that may help to humble the human reason and judg- 

 ment, which are too apt to boast and glory in themselves. There seem 

 to be two kinds of harmony; the one of Divine Providence, the other 

 of human reason; but the government of the world, the administration 

 of its affairs, and the more secret divine judgments, sound harsh and 



