Contamination of Milk. 27 



kept clean. The cows must not have access to mud 

 holes, the yards should be so arranged that they can 

 not become muddy during the wet times of the year. 



The arrangement of the stalls should be such as to- 

 prevent contact of the body of the animal with the ma- 

 nure. This can only be accomplished by using a 

 manure drop, i. e. a deep gutter. The animal can also- 

 be kept clean by the use of a stall that requires her to 

 stand well to the rear and forces her forward when ly- 

 ing down. Many of the patented stalls seek to accom- 



FIG. 7. THE MODEL STALL. 



A stall of this type keeps the animals clean and 

 aids greatly in the production of clean milk. 



plish this in a variety of ways. Fig. 7 represents a stall 

 that accomplishes this purpose in a most successful way. 

 The essential feature of this stall is the placing of a two 

 by three inch piece of timber across the floor of the 

 stall. This piece is so placed that when the animal 

 stands with her head close to the slatted manger, it will 

 be just in front of her hind feet. Thus when the animal 



