CHAPTER VIII. 

 RELATION OF BACTERIA TO MARKET MILK. 



The demands of the cities for an increased milk supply 

 are constantly more pressing. Each year the zone from 

 which they draw their supply is widened, until in some 

 cases it extends for hundreds of miles. The milk trains 

 for New York start from the St. Lawrence valley over 

 two hundred miles away. In the winter the milk zone of 

 New York city is extended much farther, milk and cream 

 being shipped from Ohio. In Europe, progressive Den- 

 mark has exported milk, supplying in considerable quan- 

 tities milk to the Berlin market. 



Not only. is there a steady increase in the amount of 

 milk needed, but as public opinion becomes more intelli- 

 gent there is a growing demand for an improvement in 

 quality as well. It is becoming more thoroughly recog- 

 nized that many of the infantile diseases are dependent 

 upon the quality of the milk supply. Consequently, city 

 boards of health are increasing the rigidity of their in- 

 spection service. "What the cities want is pure milk 

 drawn under clean conditions from healthy cows, and 

 handled in a sanitary manner. 



In the city of two decades ago, and in the small city 

 and town of today, the milk is largely peddled on the 

 streets by the farmer. 



There 'is then a direct contact between the producer 

 and consumer. The latter can easily find how the milk 



