224 



Kansas State Board of Agriculture. 



FIG. 198. A well-constructed outlet is one of the keynotes of a successful drainage system. 



[Courtesy Ohio Farmer.] 



Now cave off the side of your ditch, leaving the tile bedded. This is 

 the end of the tiler's responsibility, and the employer must take charge 

 after this and fill the ditch. He may fill it with a plow. Use a long 

 evener with a team at each end, a man to hold the plow and one to drive, 

 and you can fill lots of ditch in a short time. 



Counting ten hours as a day, and paying two men $3 a day each for 

 working two wagons, on good roads, 4-in. tile can be moved at a cost of 

 $1 to $1.25 per mile per 1000, 6-in. tile at from $2 to $2.50 per mile per 

 1000, and 8-in. tile at from $4 to $5 per mile per 1000. Two men work- 

 ing together top-digger and tiler in good digging, should lay from 20 

 to 25 rods of tile, two spades deep, a day, at a cost of $2.50 a day for 

 the tiler and ten cents per rod for the top-digger, generally with board 

 included. (See "Drainage," in index.) 



LIMING SOILS IN KANSAS. 



By ERASMUS HAWORTH, Professor of Geology, University of Kansas. 



Should one travel across the eastern half of the state of Kansas 

 from southeast to northwest he would find himself passing continuously 

 across zones or strips of country that show quite a variation in the kind 

 of crops ordinarily grown by the farmers. Perhaps the most noticeable 

 variation would be that of the growth of red clover and alfalfa. Here is 

 a zone throughout which the farmers generally are raising both. Beyond 

 it is a zone with neither. A few miles further one finds that clover and 

 alfalfa are raised abundantly, and beyond this similar alternations. 



The traveler who is thus passing across the state, however, rarely 

 travels more than a day with the old-fashioned horse team, or its equiva- 



