THE POINTER. ^ 99 



namely: Leverarius, or Harriers; Terrarius, or Terrars; 

 Sanguinarius, or Bloodhounds; Agaseus, or Gasehounds; 

 Leporarius, or Greliounds; Lorarius, or Lyemmer; Yerti- 

 gus, or Tumbler, and Canis furax, or Stealer. The dogs 

 used for fowling, or Aucupatorii, were divided into two 

 classes, viz.: Index, or Setter, and Aquaticus, or Spaniell 

 probably drawing a distinction between the Land and 

 Water Spaniel. 



In these ancient treatises, we find no mention made of 

 the Pointer by name, and for that reason many writers 

 have assumed that he had no distinct existence at that time. 

 But this assumption is not necessarily a correct one; for 

 the Pointer may have existed in Spain or England under 

 another name, even before that period, as a species of 

 Hound, Lemor, Lurcher, or even a short-haired Spaniel. In 

 this case, the name "Pointer," which was used by the 

 Swedish naturalist, Linnaeus [1707-1778], in his classifica- 

 tion of animals ("Canis Avicularis " ), does not necessarily 

 carry with it a lack of early origin. The names of dogs 

 were used interchangeably in early days; the nomenclature 

 was far from uniform and fixed, and the writer is by no 

 means certain that the word Spaniel might not at that time 

 have included the dog subsequently known as the Pointer, 

 as well as that afterward called the Setter. 



This view finds further confirmation by reference to a 

 work known as "The Gentleman's Recreation," published 

 by Nicholas Cox in 1697, in which that author writes of the 

 Setter as follows: ' * The dog which you elect for setting must 

 have a perfect and good scent, and be naturally addicted 

 to the hunting of feathers; and this dog may be either 

 Land Spaniel, Water Spaniel, or mongrel of them both; 

 either the shallow-flewed Hound, Tumbler, Lurcher, or small 

 bastard Mastiff." By this it will be seen that the status of 

 the Setter itself was not clearly established as late as the 

 year 1700 several of the dogs named above being likewise 

 short-haired, like the Pointer of to-day. 



A very ingenious argument has been adduced by certain 

 writers, tending to prove that the modern Pointer is a 



