X. Professor Arthur on plant respiration. Surface view of 

 epidermal cells of a Carnation leaf. Section cut through 

 a Carnation stoma. Physiological demand of Carnations 

 for fresh air. 58 



XI. Overhead watering. Surface watering. Sub-watering. Cost 

 of beds and benches. Opinions of growers on their rela- 

 tive merits. - 61 



XII. Topping Carnations. Shipping flowers and cuttings. Enigma 

 of flowers "going to sleep." Opinions of eminent Carna- 

 tionists. Functions of petals and their preservation. - 65 



XIII. Is quantity of bloom being sacrificed for quality ? Are Carna- 

 tions growing less productive? Records quoted. Blooms 

 per plant. Comparisons made. - - 70 



XIV. CHssification of Carnations based on colors. European system 

 of nomenclature. Ratio of colors in Carnations. Virile 

 colors. Sentiment of colors. - 73 



XV. Growing Carnations under glass through the summer. Why a 

 higher grade of flowers? Increased cost. Advanced price, 

 an earlier market, the compensation. - 80 



XVI. Sunlight and ventilation the prime factors in a Carnation house. 

 Butting glass. Heating. Heat radiating surface necessary 

 to glass surface. Tables. 82 



XVII. Fertilizers for Carnations. Formulas. Effect of excessive nutri- 

 ment on Carnations. Exact analysis of a given quantity of 

 Carnation roots, stems and leaves. - 89 



XVIII. Diseases of Carnations resulting from insects: Greenfly, (Rhopa- 

 losiphum Dianthi}\ Red Spider (Tetranychus Telarius}\ 

 Nematodes (Heterodera Radicicola] . Thrips. Their 

 remedies. 94 



XIX. Diseases of Carnations resulting from Fungi: Rust ( Uromyces 

 Caryophyllinus}', Wet Stem Rot (Rhuzoctonia}\ Dry 

 Stem ^Lot(Fusarium); Spot Disease (Septoria Dianthi] 

 Their remedies. - 100 



XX. Nutrient diseases. Barren Carnations. Cohering petals. 

 Purple Joint (Rosette']. Ruptured Calyxes. Double flower- 

 ing Carnations. Incidental pests. - - 107 



