CHAPTER XIX. 



DISEASES OF CARNATIONS FROM FUNGI, RUST (Uromyces Caryo- 



phyllinus)-WKT STEM ROT (Rhizoctonia)-T)KN STEM ROT 



(Fusarium)-SPOT DISEASE (Septoria Dianthi} 



FAIRY RING (Heterosporium Echinulatum.} 



REMEDIES. 



THIS destructive disease appeared as an epidemic in 1892, it 

 seems now to be under control from the use of fungicides, 

 and better sanitary conditions in carnation houses. The 

 presence of Rust can be detected by spots on the leaves and stems, 

 looking like little blisters, under which there is a fine snufF- 

 colored dust. The covering of this dark powder is a semi-pellucid 

 layer of the plant's epidermis. When it is broken a cloud of spores 

 is released to scatter the infection, when the blister does not yield 

 this dark powder it is not Rust. However fatal fungicides may 

 be to active or dormant spores, it is difficult to reach those shield- 

 ed by a layer of skin on the plant's leaves. 



CARNATION RUST (Uromyces Caryophyllinus.*) 



Prof. A. Woods, chief of the division of vegetable physiology, 

 U. S. department of agriculture, in a formal address takes a 

 radically new ground on the causes of bacterial diseases of carna 

 tions. He says the old name "Bacteriosis" for that class of car- 

 nation diseases should be dropped as inappropriate, and "Stigmo- 

 nose" or ' 'punctured disease" substituted; that the bacteria found 

 on carnations are the results of the poisonous punctures of the 

 Greenfly, Red Spider, and Thrips. Prof. Woods supports his 

 pathological theory with cogent facts and illustrations. Suppura- 

 tion in a wound is caused by bacteria and is obviated by sterilized 

 and germicidal dressings. It is reasonable that the ever present 

 spores of Rust would find lodgment and germinate in wounds of 



