GLOSSARY 



Of the more common terms used in Fruit Culture. 



A cute, sharp or angular. 



Acuminate, drawn out to a point. 



A Iburnum, the sap-wood, as distinguished from the heart-wood. 



Apex, point, the part of a fruit furthest from the foot-stalk. 



Base, lower end, or that portion of a fruit, stalk, or part of a plant, nearest the supporting 

 part or root. 



Basin, the hollow or depression at the apex or crown of a fruit, surrounding the calyx. 



Bezi, a wilding, or natural seedling. 



Beurre, a buttery pear. 



Border, artificial bed of enriched earth. 



Callus, ring or swollen portion formed at the base of a cutting by the descending 

 cambium. 



Calville-shaped, much ribbed, as applied to apples. 



Calyx, the outer or green leaves of a flower, which remaining on the apex of a pear or 

 apple, are often denominated the eye. 



Cambium, the soft, newly forming wood beneath the bark. 



Canes, long, bearing shoots ; applied to grapes and raspberries. 



Clipping^ trimming down to some definite shape. 



C ' olmar-shaped, pyriform or pear-shaped, with a rather slender neck and large body. 



Conical, tapering regularly towards the apex. 



Cordate, heart-shaped. 



Cockscomb, applied to the form of strawberries when much compressed at the sides. 



Crenate, notched or cut like rounded or blunt saw teeth. 



Crown, the part of a fruit furthest from the foot-stalk or base. 



Curculio, the insect which stings young fruit. 



Dwarfs, trees made diminutive by grafting or budding upon stocks of small growth. 



Espalier, a tree trained flat upon a trellis. 



En quenouille, training to produce fruitfulness by tying the branches downwards. 



Fibrous roots, the smaller, branching, or thread-like roots. 



Forcing, the early ripening of fruits by artificial heat under glass. 



Fore-right shoot, the terminal shoot of a branch. 



Head back, to cut off the limbs of a tree, part way down. 



Head down, to cut off the entire limbs or branches of a tree, or to cut down to an 

 inserted bud. 



Inflorescence, the manner in which the flowers are borne. 



Lay ~in. applied to selecting and fastening to a trellis or wall, new branches or shoots. 



Lay-in by the heels, to bury the roots of trees temporarily in a trench. 



Leading shoot, the longest or main shoot of a limb or tree. 



Lopping, cutting the branch down to the stem. 



Maiden plant, a tree of one year's growth from the bud or graft. 



Mulching, covering the ground about a tree with straw or litter, to prevent drying. 



Oblate, flattened, so that the shortest diameter is between the base and apex, like a flat 

 turnip. 



