THE GRAPE. 



409 



at the top and the lower one about a foot from the ground. 

 Between these, vertical wires, about a foot apart, are stretched 

 as shown in the figure. These wires being shorter than when 

 stretched horizontally, need not be so large, and a saving is 

 thus effected in the expense. Each bearing cane is trained to 

 one of these wires. 



Another mode is to use wires stretched horizontally, as 

 shown in Fig. 554. The lowest should be eighteen inches or 

 two feet from the ground ; the next may be an equal height 

 above, and to these the horizontal arms are tied, each twelve 

 to sixteen inches higher. This is the prevailing method. 



Cultivators differ as to the size of the wire suitable to be 



FIG. 554. Trellis with Horizontal Wires. 



employed. Some use even as large as No. 8, which is one- 

 sixth of an inch in diameter, and is thirteen feet to the pound. 

 Others severally employ No. 10, which is twenty feet to the 

 pound; No. 12, which is thirty-three feet, and No. 14, which 

 is fifty-four feet to the pound. For the vertical wire trellis, 

 already figured, No. 16 is large enough, which is nearly one 

 hundred feet to the pound. When the smaller wire is used, 

 it should pass through holes in the end post, and be brought 

 around at the side, and the end twisted around the main part. 

 This may be easily done by using a strong, round piece of 

 wood about a yard long, around which the end is brought, and 

 which by using as a roller and lever combined, easily accom- 

 plishes or renews the desired tension. No. 10 is most used. 



The wire used for this purpose should be annealed, and is 

 best when galvanized. The wires are fastened to the other 

 posts by staples; or easier by two common nails, with heads 

 touching, the lower one a ten-penny, and the upper a six- 

 penny. Fig. 555. 



Trellis made wholly of wood also answers a good purpose, 



