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(c) Adaptation and Culture. The V. Berlandieri is a 

 species belonging exclusively to the south of the United 

 States. It grows south of the Brazos River, throughout the 

 centre and south of Texas in the south of New Mexico, 

 and in the north of Mexico. 



The forms of Tomentose Berlandieri are most frequent on 

 the river banks. The forms of glabrous Berlandieri in- 

 habit the hilly or mountainous regions of medium elevation 

 belonging to the various strata of the lower Cretacean; the 

 individuals of these forms are distributed in very great 

 numbers on the sides and tops of hills, where they resist 

 extreme droughts, such as do not occur in the warm regions 

 of the south of France. The temperature in Texas reaches 

 40 to 42 C. (104 to 1 08 F.) in summer. In Missouri 

 and Texas the Berlandieri has resisted cold of - - 23 and 

 28 C. (9. 4 to 18.4 F.), with out being damaged by the fall 

 of temperature ; by this it can support the temperature of our 

 French regions and succeeds in both the north and south of 

 France, if only the influence of the climate is taken into 

 account. It has not suffered from the cold in the Charentes, 

 Rhone, and Maine-et-Loire. 



Of all species of American vines, the Berlandieri is the 

 most resistant to chlorosis, and succeeds best in the chalky 

 limestones and white marls. It grows luxuriantly in Texas, 

 in soils belonging to the lower Cretaceous, which are rich in 

 limestone, easily soluble in rain water. The soils there vary 

 in fertility, but are always rather poor, they have a blackish 

 colour similar to those of the Charentes, the calcareous 

 fragments, mixed with the soil, which are produced by the 

 displaced and decomposed rocks of the subsoil, are white and 

 very soft. The subsoil is usually constituted of large fis- 

 sured rocks, white and soft, with relatively scarce patches of 

 siliceous nodules of various sizes; occasionally it is formed of 

 laminated strata of very calcareous marl, bluish white, rather 

 yellow. In these surroundings, the Berlandieri remains green 

 and vigorous in very dry years, and also in very rainy springs. 

 In France, it had been noticed that the V. Berlandieri grew 

 well in strongly calcareous soils; at Dr. Davin's, for example, 

 and in very chalky soil ; at J. E. Planchon's, in very calcareous 

 quaternary tufa; in the Charente-Inferieure, and in the Groies 

 soils. Examples of 'the resistance of Berlandieri to chlorosis 

 are actually numerous and conclusive. In the experimental 

 fields of the chalky Champagne (Champagne crayeuse], near 

 Cognac, it has maintained a fairly constant green appearance. 



