94 AMERICAN VINES. 



Herewith the composition of two American soils (analyzed 

 by B. Chauzit), representing the type where the Rupestris 

 grows most vigorously, and in the greatest profusion; these 

 analysis were made on the fine soil, after mechanical separa- 

 tion of the rounded siliceous pebbles, which formed 70 to 80 

 per cent, of the total mass. 



No. 1 No. 2 



Clay .. .. .. .. 81.72 .. 64.60 



Sand .. .. .. .. 16.32 .. 32.85 



Carbonate of Lime .. .. 4.71 .. 2.27 



These properties of adaptation become practically identical 

 in France, as proved by numerous examples of reconstitu- 

 tion which have been done with Rupestris, and the value 

 of this species from that aspect is nowadays admitted. 

 The Rupestris are not grafting-stock for chalky soils, 

 in the soft and friable white Cretaceous chalks of the 

 Charente, of Saumurois, in the chalky marls of the 

 Garumnien, and a number of soils where carbonate of 

 lime is abundant and soluble, all the forms of Rupestris 

 are rapidly attacked by chlorosis, become stunted, and die. 

 The Rupestris is one of the species most easily affected by 

 chlorosis when in chalky soils, it turns yellow sooner than 

 the Riparia. In compact clays (Rupestris du Lot excepted), 

 in all humid soils, the other species are superior to it; 

 it grows in the driest and most unfertile soils; and under 

 these conditions it is superior to all other species, and to 

 all other American grafting-stocks. 



As we have seen from the figures already given, this 

 species has a very high resistance to phylloxera; its vigour 

 is very great, its trunk very strong, much stronger than 

 that of the Riparia, without difference in thickness between 

 the stock and the scion ; the grafts are carried with great 

 vigour, are fructiferous, and mature early; the affinity of 

 its grafting to the European vines is nearly always equally 

 good. Finally, the Rupestris grows well from cuttings or 

 grafted-cuttings. 



The soils where the V. Rupestris has succeeded, and will 

 succeed, are very numerous in the vineyard districts of 

 France. There are some districts which will be entirely 

 reconstituted by the Rupestris, the Loire-Infe'rieure, and 

 the Maine-et-Loire (Saumurois excepted), for example. In 

 all the pebbly, pebbly-siliceous, or hard limestone soils, 

 should they be on the rich or dry hills or slightly fertile 



