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or more species, renders their study extremely difficult ; we 

 will, however, endeavor to indicate and study most of the 

 groups created by simple or complex hybridization. The 

 hybrids of V. Vinifera and American Vitis have, from the 

 points of view of their affinity and adaptation, unquestion- 

 able qualities rendering them generally superior to the 

 pure American vines which contributed to their formation. 

 They would, therefore, from this point of view have great 

 merit. 



Unfortunately, the property of resistance to phylloxera 

 seems difficult, if not impossible, to fix in these hybrids, if 

 we judge from the results obtained so far. Hybrids, such as 

 No 1 60 of Millardet and de Grasset (Gros Colman X Rupes- 

 tris), No. 5OA (Riparia X Rupestris X unknown cepage), 

 Gamay-Couderc (3103, Colombeau X Rupestris of Couderc), 

 N- 333 Ecole (Cabernet X Berlanderi), etc., which were 

 thought to possess a very high resistance to phylloxera, have 

 ended by succumbing to attacks of the insects in soils 

 favorable to their development. 



We may, therefore, wonder whether other hybrids of V. 

 Vinifera, upon which great hope is placed, will not have the 

 same fate. And we may conclude at the outset of this study 

 of Franco- American hybrids that whenever we have the choice 

 for reconstituting our vineyards between pure American 

 species and hybrids of American species between themselves 

 (Americo- American), the resistance of which appears a better 

 guarantee, we must not hesitate to use the latter. We think 

 it is possible, nowadays, to reconstitute all vineyards with 

 pure American vines or their hybrids. 



Hybrids of V. Vinifera and V. Rotundifolia. Millar- 

 det and de Grasset tried experimentally the hybridization of 

 Vinifera and Rotundifolia, and, although the botanical dif- 

 ferences of these two species are strongly accentuated, they 

 obtained forms which seemed to be hybrids of Vinifera X 

 Rotundifolia. One of these -vines shows distinct Rotundi- 

 folia characters in its seeds, but externally the Vinifera 

 character predominates. The Vinifera seems always to com- 

 municate to its hybrids with V. Rotundifolia a negative re- 

 sistance to phylloxera. 



Hybrids of V. Vinifera and V. Labrusca The Ameri- 

 cans attempted numerous hybridizations of the different varie- 

 ties cultivated in their territorv, mostlv Labruscas with various 



