I CEP AGES. 175 



vines would always give superior cultural results. More- 

 over, though possessing a relatively high productivity, their 

 very foxy fruit gives very inferior wines to those yielded by 

 cepages originating from Vinifera. The Labrusca endows 

 its hybrids with the very strongly accentuated foxy taste 

 peculiar to its pulpy fruit. The white berries of the Triumph, 

 large and abundant, are not only very foxy but also burst at 

 maturity. The Black Defiance is the least foxy, but its red 

 wine, like that made from Senasqua, always retains an after 

 taste of the same nature. 



The Labrusca communicated to all this group great 

 sensitiveness to black-rot and mildew, but also a relative re- 

 sistance to oidium and anthracnosis. 



All these cepages are now discarded, with good reason, but 

 they are interesting from the point of view of adaptation to 

 calcareous soil. The Vinifera impressed them (and we will 

 see that this phenomenon is constant) with a certain 

 resistance to chlorosis. The Triumph, for instance, thrives 

 better than pure Riparia, Rupestris, or Labrusca in soils 

 containing a certain amount of limestone, and in the chalky 

 soils of the Charantes; this property of adaptation, which 

 does not belong to Labrusca, has been imparted by the 

 Vinifera to these hybrids. This fact must not be overlooked. 



Hybrids of V. Vinifera and V. California. These 

 two non-resistant vines cannot give resistant hybrids; their 

 offspring are therefore without interest. 



Hybrids of V. Vinifera and V. Candicans. These 



hybrids generally have very great vigour. Their fruit, when 

 they bear any, always has a harsh taste, similar to that of 

 Mustang; their resistance to phylloxera is usually small. In 

 calcareous soils they become a very yellow ; they therefore offer 

 very little interest for the reconstitution of -vineyards. They 

 root freely from cuttings. 



Hybrids of V. Vinifera, V. Labrusca, and V. 

 ^Estivalis Among these hybrids we will mention, to- 

 gether with their resistance to phylloxera, 

 Eumelan Resistance, 3. 

 Centennial (Eumelan and Delaware, seedling of 



Marwin). 



White Delaware Resistance, 3. 

 Grey Delaware Resistance, 3. 



