CEPAGES. 



As already said, it is not sufficient for an American vine 

 to thrive vigorously, when non-grafted, in chalky soils, for 

 it has to constitute a good graft-bearer. Many of them have 

 a fine development in such soils when non-grafted, but when 

 grafted the whole appearance alters; they turn yellow and 

 become stunted. The reason of this phenomenon will be 



Fig. 89. Leaf of Cabernet X Berlandieri, No. 333, Ecole. 



given later on (see page 214). The graft-bearers must not 

 suffer from the operation of grafting, and, therefore, must 

 be as similar as possible, in their physiological func- 

 tions, to the scions they are to bear. The Vinifera strain 

 which the Berlandieri hybrids contain increases their 

 facility of adaptation, and diminishes also the ill-effects 

 of grafting. For these two reasons the hybrids Vinifera 



