-214 AMERICAN VINES. 



let us try to explain what then takes place. In what way 

 will the scion be affected by roots that are not its own, and 

 in what way will the stock be affected by shoots and leaves 

 foreign to it ? 



In the majority of cases we notice (except, however, when 

 stock and scion belong to the same variety) an almost con- 

 stant weakening of the scion. We also notice (and more so 

 for cepages where the weakening is more marked) an 

 increased fructification, a greater number of closer set grapes 

 with larger berries, more juicy and frequently richer in sac- 

 charine matter, an earlier ripening, ( only a slight non-setting 

 if any, a diminution in the vigour of the root system, and a 

 greater sensitiveness to phylloxera and chlorosis; finally, we 

 frequently notice the formation of a voluminous pad of knitting- 

 tissue at the joint. 



Lucien Daniel noticed still more accentuated effects with 

 other plants. " The stock influences the scion and the scion 

 influences the stock in such a way as to modify in a recipro- 

 cating manner their physiological properties and anatomical 

 structure." This is, however, -very rare. Strasburger pointed 

 out the passage of atropine from scion to stock in a graft of 

 belladonna (Atrophia) on potato (Solanum tuberosum). 

 Daniel also noticed changes of taste due to grafting. The 

 most striking example of this is the Milan cabbage which, 

 when grafted on the turnip cabbage, acquires a decided 

 turnip taste. We also know that cherries differ in taste 

 according to whether they are grafted on Mahaleb or wild 

 cherry. Finally, quite recently, according to a communica- 

 tion made to the National Agricultural Society (France), a 

 horticulturist has succeeded in obtaining a new variety of 

 potato by grafting. This experiment was made with the 

 Richter Imperator as stock and other varieties as scions. 

 The tubers of the Rithter Imperator produced under these 

 circumstances were smaller than those produced from the 

 same plant not grafted; but after two or three generations 

 of repeated sowings they attained satisfactory dimensions, 

 retaining a taste quite different to those of Richter. 



This instance shows that grafting may be used in order to 

 obtain new varieties. L. Daniel only lately enriched agri- 

 culture with a new variety of forage cabbage by this method. 

 To attain this result he started from the principle, established 

 by him, that seeds furnished by scions grafted on stocks of 

 other varieties often gave rise to plants which participate, in 



