GRAFTING AND NURSERIES. 



22' 



satisfactory. Among vines not impaired by grafting may be 

 mentioned Rosaki, Sultanieh, Sainte-Marie, etc. 



If weakening of the vine, as the result of grafting, is pro- 

 duced in most cases, occasionally it has the opposite effect 

 We may see weak chlorosed vines become vigorous after 

 grafting. The Herbemont, which so quickly turns yellow in 

 calcareous soils, remains green when grafted with Clairette; 

 the Merlot on Vialla, in the calcareous soils of the Vendee, 

 remains green and vigorous, while the Vialla alone turns 

 yellow and become stunted in the same soil. 



In general, the graft increases the fertility, although it 

 reduces it in a few particular instances. These facts may 

 be explained by reasons of the same order as those given 

 above, we need not, therefore, repeat. 



The phenomena that have been recorded with regard to 

 the vine have been observed to apply to all fruit trees.* 



II. SYSTEMS OF GRAFTING. 



It is scarcely possible for us to describe all the different 

 systems of grafting, some of which have been experimented 

 upon more or less, and are very ingenious indeed. Among 



Fig. 94 

 Grafting-knife. 



Fig. 95. 

 Grafting-bill 



Fig. 96. 



Grafting-bill with curved 

 blade. 



the latter, the whip-tongue graft and the English cleft-graft 

 are the better known ; we will limit this study to them. 



* See F. Sahut Les vignes Americaines; J. E. Planchon, Conference sur le greffage, 

 Bulletin Soc. d'Agr. de 1'Herault. 1870; Decaisne, Amateur dcs jardins et Jardin 

 fruitier du Museum, etc., etc. 



