GRAFTING AND NURSERIES. 



257- 



side only will always be defective. 

 Finally, those well knitted but with 

 short slender shoots and badly devel- 

 oped roots should be left in the nursery; 

 they are termed " second selection." 



Grafting of rooted cuttings. Bench- 

 grafting on rooted cuttings is performed 

 in the same way. The cultural care is 

 similar. The shoots are stronger, the 

 knitting better, and therefore there is a 

 greater number of plants of " first selec- 

 tion." 



Essential recommendation. Remove 

 carefully, as above directed, all the eyes 

 of the stock. 



(/) Diseases. The enemies of the 

 nursery are numerous. 



First, white grubs. They frequently 

 do considerable damage in nurseries, by 

 eating the green bark of the stock, which 

 slowly dies. 



Bisulphide of carbon, applied with an 

 injector, in quantities of Boo to 1000 

 kilos per hectare (about 8 cwt. of 

 bisulphide per acre) before planting, 

 kills most of them. But it is best to 

 select a situation for the nursery where there are no grubs. 



J. Perraud states that an acarian, the Tetranychus tel- 

 larins, does damage, but there is no known method of 

 destroying it. 



When the roots of the scion are cut too late, the roots of the Berlandieri grow 

 very slowly. Those on the scion obtain a preponderance, and it grows in- 

 dependantly. The growth of the stock becomes arrested, and when the roots 

 of the scion are removed, the slender roots of. the stock are insufficient to nourish 

 the grafted cutting, and it dies slowly. 



We see that the roots of the scion must be severed neither too soon nor t6o 

 late. Success with grafted cuttings of Berlandieri depends only on attention to 

 these details 



It is easy to state precisely the proper time to sever the roots, which should 

 not be before the end of July Tn various regions, the southern for instance, : 

 the time for cutting them varies from the 2oth July to 2oth August (in France). 

 But for greater security it is better to inspect the butts of a few grafted cuttings 

 and only cut the roots off the scion when they have commenced to grow on the 

 Berlandieri stock also. 



The time for severing the roots is not the same for all vines. The Carignane 

 scion, for example, whose roots are produced very strongly and rapidly, requires 

 to be cut much earlier. In so doing with grafted cuttings on Berlandieri, it 

 yields quite as large a percentage of takes, with well-developed roots on the stock 

 as with the Riparia and the Rupestris. 



Fig. 141 

 Pourndie. 



