THE WHEAT CULTTJKIST. 267 



of the State. It is important to have it take a good 

 root before winter, and if sown earlier, the fly is very 

 apt to destroy some of it in the fall ; and if it should be 

 so large as to nearly cover the ground the last of Octo- 

 ber, it should be eaten off by cattle or sheep, as it is 

 less liable to be injured by deep snows. Here one bushel 

 of seed to the acre, is as good as more on soils in good 

 condition ; if sown ten days later, add one peck more 

 seed per acre. On sandy, gravelly loams, the second 

 week in September is the most favorable time for sow- 

 ing ; if earlier, the fly is very apt to affect it, so as to 

 diminish the crop. Wheat, on such soils, appears to suf- 

 fer more from the fly, than on clay soils. On these 

 soils, one bushel per acre, and if the soil is not in good 

 condition, one peck more should be sown. The White 

 Flint spreads or tillers more than the common varieties ; 

 and when I have sown a bushel and a half the second 

 week in September, it was too thick, the straw fine, the 

 heads short, and the berry not as large and fine as it 

 would have been, if one peck less had been sown to the 

 acre. There is one advantage in sowing thick on soils 

 where it is subject to be affected by rust : it will ripen two 

 or three days earlier. That is an important consider- 

 ation on soils unfavorable to the early ripening of wheat. 



William R. Schuyler, Michigan, recorded the follow- 

 ing suggestions in reference to the time of sowing winter 

 wheat in that State: 



"It is evident from reports received from other sec- 

 tions of the State, that in several counties the crop will 

 not be more than half the usual average. There is reason 

 to fear that early sown wheat will again suffer from the 

 fall attacks of this insect, unless, as is sometimes the 

 case, it has been followed up and nearly exterminated 



