;8 ORLOF TROTTERS 



nutritious than that of mares and should consequently be 

 diluted with water when used for the purpose under con- 

 sideration. An addition of f pint of water and i oz. of sugar 

 to a pint of cows' milk, will make it about equal in strength 

 and sweetness to mares' milk. The disease, tuberculosis, to 

 which reference has been made, is the same malady as con- 

 sumption in human beings. When it occurs in horses, it 

 appears to have been invariably transmitted by cows' milk. 

 In England, probably over 20 per cent, of horned cattle 

 suffer from tuberculosis. Sims Woodhead and other hi^h 



o 



medical authorities consider that the large percentage of 

 tubercular diseases in children is due to drinking the milk of 

 affected cows. At present, the prevention of tuberculosis in 

 cattle is a burning question among English agriculturists. 

 This disease appears to be absent from the cattle of Japan, 

 which is a country I have visited. 



Tuberculin is an extract of the germs (bacilli) of tuber- 

 culosis, and is used in the form of inoculations for testing 

 animals as to the presence or absence of this disease in them. 

 The test, which is liable to about 10 per cent, of failures, is 

 supposed to indicate the disease as a rule, if there is a rise 

 of at least 2^ F. in the temperature of the animal after 

 inoculation. With respect to this test, there are several 

 modifying circumstances to which I need not here allude. 

 Whenever we have had rinderpest (cattle plague) in Great 

 Britain, we seem to have derived it from Russia. 



The Orlovo-Rostopchin saddle horses at Doubrovka did 

 not please me ; for they were essentially light harness 

 animals. I would not call a horse a saddle horse, let alone 

 a hunter, unless he had long, flat, oblique shoulders, light 

 fore hand, blood legs with plenty of bone, and strong hocks. 



