12 An Angler's Paradise. 



be none left but for cultivation. The fish crowd up the rivers in 

 the migratory seasons in enormous numbers; quantities, in fact, 

 that we have no idea of in this country. The wheels are placed 

 on scows or barges, or worked from the side of the river, just as 

 may be most convenient for taking the fish. These latter in 

 ascending rivers follow the main currents, and an expert is able at 

 once to fit up a wheel that will do execution among them. The 

 apparatus has, roughly speaking, some resemblance to a large 

 water-wheel fitted with big skeleton scoops covered with netting. 

 The fish in their ascent of the rivers swim into these, which 

 revolve in the opposite direction, and they are carried up to the 

 top of the wheel, when they drop through a shoot, which sends 

 them into a receptacle alongside or behind the machine as the 

 case may be. 



An attendant knocks them on the head, strings a lot of them 

 together by means of a rope, which is then fastened to a ring in a 

 barrel and the lot flung into the stream. So the work goes on, 

 and these strings of fish are carried down stream for some dis- 

 tance, when they are picked by a small steamer on the look-out 

 for them and taken to the canneries. These wheels are notably in 

 use on the Columbia, Clackamas, and other rivers. 



Concerning the cultivation of the salmon on some of these 

 rivers, the eminent American fish culturist, Livingstone Stone, says, 

 in one of his letters : " ... In regard to the success that 

 has attended the culture of the Salmonidce, the Government station 

 for hatching salmon on the McCloud river, California, may 

 be mentioned as an unquestionable instance of labour in that 

 direction well rewarded. It is universally acknowledged that the 

 hatching of salmon at this station, which I had the honour of 

 naming Baird after our distinguished Commissioner, has immensely 

 increased the number of salmon in the Sacramento River, of 

 which the McCloud is a tributary. . . . The good effect 

 of the hatching of salmon at the Government station on the 

 Clackamas river in Oregon, is doubtless very similar. Although 

 the limited output of young salmon at this station is wholly 

 inadequate to the demands of so great a river as the Columbia, 

 of which the Clackamas is a tributary, nevertheless the salmon 

 production, such as it is at this station, is believed to be of 



