126 How to obtain it. 



answer well, and prevent any mischief during the severe frost. 

 The heating apparatus should be outside. Never have a stove of 

 any kind in a hatchery. I was once persuaded by a man who 

 " knew everything " about fish culture to try one, and never was a 

 greater nuisance. However well kept, smoke would at times 

 escape, and anything of this sort is to be carefully avoided. For 

 the same reason I have found it necessary strictly to forbid tobacco 

 smoking in the hatchery. I did not do this at first, the building 

 being large and well ventilated, but carefully watched the effect 

 of it on the alevins, and found it very hurtful. 



Lighting a hatchery when work has to be done, as done it 

 must be during the dark hours of winter, is a matter that requires 

 the greatest care. Oil lamps of any description are to be most 

 carefully avoided. I have never from the first allowed anything 

 to be used except candles (not tallow), with the exception of the 

 watchman's bull's-eye or other lantern when on his rounds during 

 the small hours. Even this, although most carefully used, and 

 according to strict rules, was found to give trouble. A very small 

 drop of oil may do harm should it get into the water, and where 

 oil is used there is always a danger. Candles only are now 

 allowed in the hatchery, and are found to work well. They are [ 

 carried on simple wooden candlesticks, each made to hold three 1 

 candles. These give enough light for the laying down of the ova, 

 which is almost invariably done after six p.m. Occasionally 

 candle droppings may get into the water, but as they float and 

 immediately solidify, they are quite easily picked out again, and I 

 have never found them do any harm. 



Except when there is a great press of work, spawning is not, 

 as a rule, commenced before ten a.m. Fish spawn better later in 

 the day when the temperature rises a little, and the eggs taken in 

 the afternoon are carefully washed and placed in bowls in the 

 hatchery, ready to be laid on the grilles as soon as the spawning 

 operations are over for the day, and the fish removed from the 

 spawning tanks. 



The water should be brought into the hatchery from the 

 spring in glazed earthenware socket and faucet pipes. The joints 

 should be well cemented, and the pipes laid underground. It will 

 probably require filtration, although sometimes it is sufficiently 



