358 



ANIMAL STUDIES 



the wings are so held that all combine to mimic with ex- 

 traordinary fidelity a dead leaf still attached to the twig by 

 a short pedicle or leaf -stalk imitated by a short tail on the 



FIG. 2W.Kallima, the " dead-leaf butterfly." 



hind wings, and showing midrib, oblique veins, and, most 

 remarkable of all, two apparent holes, like those made in 

 leaves by insects, but in the butterfly imitated by two small 

 circular spots free from scales and hence clear and trans- 



