246 BULLETIN 226. 



point to the same conclusion, they would seem to establish it beyond 

 any reasonable doubt. In this report the results are frequently sum- 

 marized in order to save space. There might seem to be some danger 

 of a large orchard controlling the average, but in no case of any 

 importance has such an orchard changed the relative order of the 

 results. 



In making most of the computations, there were orchards for which 

 the information or yields were not secured. These were, of course, 

 omitted, just as an orchard that was not seen. The computations 

 always include every orchard for which the particular data were 

 secured. 



Work in Orleans county. During the summer of 1904, orchards to 

 the number of 564, including 4,881 acres, were similarly examined in 

 Orleans county. In this county the writer was assisted by Mr. C. Bues. 

 Some of the pictures in this report were obtained in that county. Many 

 references are also made to it, but all the tabulations are from Wayne 

 county. The tables for the Orleans county work will be published later. 



General observations on the ivork. The method of doing the work and 

 the kind of information sought were much changed during the progress 

 of the investigation. In the beginning the type of soil was thought to be 

 of much more importance than it really is. The most important points 

 were not considered in the first few reports. The relative importance of 

 the different problems was better seen as the work progressed. The 

 report blank (Fig. 38) is very different from the first one used. Many 

 improvements were made when similar work was started in Orleans 

 county, but there are others that will be made if another county is studied. 



The succeeding pages may be said to be results of experiments of the 

 past seventy-five years in apple-growing in Wayne county. " Every farm 

 is an experiment station and every farmer the director thereof." But 

 when these experiments are viewed singly, there are so many factors that 

 the success or failure is as likely to be assigned to a wrong cause as to 

 the right one. As a result we have the great diversity of opinion that 

 exists among apple-growers. It is by studying and tabulating results 

 from large numbers of orchards that important and unimportant factors 

 can be properly correlated. 



The standards in this bulletin are not ideals, but are in all cases based 

 on what successful men are doing. No one man is following all of them, 

 but each one has been tried. It is impossible to give credit to each 



