AN APPLE ORCHARD SURVEY OF WAYNE COUNTY, NEW YORK. 287 



ciable damage. If two bolts that hook into a connecting chain of 



suitable length are used, the work can be much more easily done. The 



two holes are then not necessarily in the same line. The chain also 



allows for variation 



in length. One bolt 



is put through one 



branch, the other is 



put nearly through 



the other branch, 



and the chain is 



hooked on at the 



proper length. The 



bolts are then 



drawn up. Or bolts 



with hooks or ringfs 



O 



on one end may be 

 used and strong 

 wire used to fasten 

 them together. 



Number of scaf- 

 fold limbs. In Fig. 

 58 is shown a tree 

 with too many scaf- 

 fold, or frame work, 

 limbs. The time to 

 avoid this is when 

 the tree is young. 

 Some of the smaller 

 limbs might still be 

 removed with safety if the wounds are kept well painted. 



FIG. 58. Too many scaffold limbs. Half of these should 

 have been pruned out when the tree was young. 



