AN APPLE ORCHARD SURVEY OF WAYNE COUNTY, NEW YORK. 291 



Arsenic is coming to be quite commonly used instead of Paris green, 

 particularly in the larger orchards. It stays in suspension better than 

 Paris green and is somewhat cheaper. Arsenic was used in 58 per cent 

 of the area and in 36 per cent of the number of sprayed orchards. 



TABLE 22. 

 Spraying in 1903. Trees set before 1880. 



Six orchards were sprayed with lime, salt and sulfur for the San 

 Jose scale. One of these did not have any of the scale within about 

 ten miles, but the owner was afraid it might come. A few young orchards 

 were sprayed with kerosene emulsion for aphids. 



Many of the owners of these small orchards have used Bordeaux mix- 

 ture at some time or other, and because one careless application did not 

 keep the apples entirely free from fungus have concluded that the copper 

 sulfate was of no value. Some, even cite the effects of spraying with 

 Paris green and lime as evidence that spraying does not affect the fungus. 

 The failure of Paris green to kill the aphids, which were quite bad in 

 1903, is also cited to show the futility of spraying. Of course those 

 who conduct apple-growing on a good business basis are not among 

 these.* 



*There are three general classes of sprays : I. Poisons. 2. Sprays that kill insects 

 by contact. 3. Fungicides. 



The insects that chew are tjie only orchard enemies that we can expect to kill 

 with Paris green, arsenic or other poisons of this nature. The lice, San Jose scale 



