AN APPLE ORCHARD SURVEY OF WAYNE COUNTY, NEW YORK. 309 



Baldwin and Greening trees they do not begin to be profitable for nearly 

 twenty years. A much less profitable crop that gives returns the first 

 year can therefore compete with apples. 



If well cared for, the trees will, usually pay sooner. But -the very fact 

 that it is so long before a revenue is secured causes the owner to neglect 

 the trees, so that the normal period is increased. The young orchard 

 usually takes its place as a field in the crop rotation, and is therefore 

 in sod or small grain half the time. One frequently sees young orchards 

 in wheat-fields or hay-fields. ' The short growth, knotty bodies and 

 yellow leaves tell the story of shallow roots, dry soil, borers, and all -the 

 ills which everv farmer who follows such methods deserves to have 



FIG. 64. Diagram showing the yield in bushels at different ages. 



fastened to his trees."* Grain and hay should never be grown in a young 

 orchard. The first thing to grow is an apple-tree. Tilled crops are the 

 only ones that can be grown without damaging the trees and lengthening 

 the period before they are ready to bear. (See Figs. 41, 42 and 43.) 



Many of the orchards now being set are composed of Ben Davis, 

 Hubbardston, Duchess and other early-bearing varieties, but Baldwin and 

 Greening still hold a place. 



*Cornell Bulletin 72. 



