CHAPTER IX. 



SOILS AND SOIL PROBLEMS. 

 Topography. 



Topographical regions. Wayne county is divided into two distinct 

 topographical regions : a very hilly or drumlin region, and a region of 

 gently rolling land; but each of these regions has a subdivision, so that 

 we have four divisions (see Fig. 66) : 



(1) A drumlin area. 



(2) A region where 

 the dr u ml ins were 

 once wholly or par- 

 tially submerged. 



(3) A gently rolling 

 glaciated area. 



(4) An area of roll- 

 ing land that was 

 formerly the old lake 

 bed. 



The elevations 

 above sea level vary 

 from 246 feet, the 

 level of the lake, to 



FIG. 66. Topographical regions. I. Drumlin area. II. 

 Region where the drumlins were once wholly or 

 partially covered by the lake. III. Gently rolling 

 glaciated area. IV. Old lake bed. 



670 feet, the top of 

 the highest hill. 

 During the glacial period the lake level was about 440 feet above sea level, 

 or about the height of the " ridge ". This ridge was a sand-bar or lake 

 shore line. The present sand-bar running across Sodus Bay probably 

 appears somewhat as the ridge appeared during this period. (See Fig. 

 141.) This ridge is more or less continuous from Sodus Bay to Buffalo. 

 It is a gravel formation ten to thirty feet high and about four rods wide 

 on top. It makes a natural roadway and has always been used for that 

 purpose. The Rochester and Sodus Bay trolley line, built on this nature- 

 graded roadbed, has furnished a very important supplement to the rail- 

 roads in marketing the fruit of the northern part of the county. 



During the glacial period the entire county was covered with a thick 

 mass of ice. This ice was gradually moved southward, and carried with it 



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